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| Plano de Ação: | ..... |
| Descrição: | SILVA, J. C.; SUASSUNA, N. D.; BETTIOL, W. Management of Ramularia leaf spot on cotton using integrated control with genotypes, a fungicide and Trichoderma asperellum. Crop Protection, v. 94, p. 28-32, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Algodão (CNPA), UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Ramularia leaf spot, caused by Ramularia areola, is responsible for premature defoliation of cotton, resulting in potential reductions in yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate integrated control usinggenotypes,afungicideand Trichoderma asperellumtomanageRamularialeafspotoncotton.Inthe greenhouse, the resistance of eighteen genotypes was evaluated with two isolates of R. areola (IMA 244 and IMA 237). Infield, the severity of Ramularia leaf spot was evaluated on cotton genotypes CNPA MT 2009-1381,CNPAGO2007-419,BRS293,BRS372,CNPAGO2008-1265andFMT701treatedoruntreated with a fungicide in Primavera do Leste, MT, Correntina, BA, and Santa Helena de Goias, GO, during the 2011e2012 season. The varieties BRS 293 and BRS 372 were sprayed with a fungicide or Trichoderma in Sapezal, MT, during the 2012e2013 season, and the disease severity andfiber yield were evaluated. Significant interactions were detected between Ramularia isolates and cotton genotypes; the lowest diseaseseveritywasobservedwithIMACD05e8276andCNPAGO2007-419genotypes.Inthefieldtests, the lowest disease severity was with variety BRS 372 and the highest was with BRS 293, when grownin two different regions. The chemical fungicide and T. asperellum both reduced the disease severity in cotton varieties BRS 372 and BRS 293; however, yields were not significantly affected. In conclusion, an integrated strategy with the management tools of resistant varieties, fungicides and biocontrol agents should be used to control Ramularia leaf spot on cotton. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0261-2194. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2016.12.006 Pendência: Plano de Ação associado. (ID_PAT: 20629) |
| Palavras-chave: | Cotton varieties; Gossypium hirsutum; Ramularia areola; Ramularia leaf spot; Biological control. |
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| Plano de Ação: | ..... |
| Descrição: | RUBIO, M. B.; HERMOSA, R.; VICENTE, R.; GÓMEZ-ACOSTA, F. A.; MORCUENDE, R.; MONTE, E.; BETTIOL, W. The combination of Trichoderma harzianum and chemical fertilization leads to the deregulation of phytohormone networking, preventing the adaptive responses of tomato plants to salt stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, v. 8, p. 1-14, 2017. Article 294. |
| Parceria/partes: | IRNASA-CSIC - Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Plants have evolved effective mechanisms to avoid or reduce the potential damage caused by abiotic stresses. In addition to biocontrol abilities, Trichoderma genus fungi promote growth and alleviate the adverse effects caused by saline stress in plants. Morphological, physiological and molecular changes were analyzed in salt-stressed tomato plants grown under greenhouse conditions in order to investigate the effects of chemical and biological fertilizations. The application of Trichoderma harzianum T34 to tomato seeds had very positive effects on plant growth, independently of chemical fertilization. The application of salt stress significantly changed the parameters related to growth and gas-exchange rates in tomato plants subject to chemical fertilization. However, the gas-exchange parameters were not affected in unfertilized plants under the same moderate saline stress. The combined application of T34 and salt significantly reduced the fresh and dry weights of NPK-fertilized plants, while the opposite effects were detected when no chemical fertilization was applied. Decaying symptoms were observed in salt-stressed and chemically fertilized plants previously treated with T34. This damaged phenotype was linked to significantly higher intercellular CO2 and slight increases in stomatal conductance and transpiration, and to the deregulation of phytohormone networking in terms of significantly lower expression levels of the salt overlay sensitivity 1 (SOS1) gene, and the genes involved in signaling ABA-, ethylene (ET)- and salicylic acid (SA)-dependent pathways and ROS production, in comparison with those observed in salt-challenged NPK-fertilized plants. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1664-462X. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00294 Pendência: Plano de Ação associado. (ID_PAT: 20639) |
| Palavras-chave: | Abiotic stress; Saline; Growth promotion; Nitrogen fertilizer; Phytohormone regulation. |
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| Plano de Ação: | ..... |
| Descrição: | MACHADO, P. G.; RAMPAZO, N. A. M.; PICOLI, M. C. A.; MIRANDA, C. G.; DUFT, D. G.; JESUS, K. R. E. Analysis of socioeconomic and environmental sensitivity of sugarcane cultivation using a geographic information system. Land Use Policy, v. 69, p. 64-74, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, INPE - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, LNBR - Laboratório Nacional de Biorrenováveis (antigo CTBE), |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | The global interest in biofuels has increased significantly in recent years, mainly due to the concern about climate change. In Brazil, the land area under sugarcane cultivation has expanded in unprecedented ways to meet the increasing ethanol demand of both the domestic and international markets. São Paulo is the Brazilian state with the highest production of sugarcane, and the expansion of this activity can impact both the environment and society. The purpose of this paper was to assess and map the sensitivity of the areas used for sugarcane cultivation in São Paulo state and to provide a holistic approach to sugarcane production from the sustainability perspective by integrating indicators of the environmental, social and economic spheres without focusing on one single element. Five environmental indicators (related to water resources, slope, environmental conservation areas, land use and agricultural potential) and six socioeconomic indicators (related to employment, income, education, gender equality, child labor and forced labor) were selected for the analysis. The methodology comprised the Categorical Principal Components Analysis (CATPCA) technique and the spatialization of results in a Geographic Information System. The resulting maps of sensitivity show the patterns of the three retained principal components and provide an information-rich tool that the government can use in decision making, policy formulation and the integrated planning of land use, thereby enabling the identification of both hotspots and which issues should be prioritized. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0264-8377. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.08.039. Pendência: PA SEG associado. (ID_PAT: 21246) |
| Palavras-chave: | CATPCA; Sugarcane; Brazil; Sustainability indicators. |
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| Plano de Ação: | ..... |
| Descrição: | FRIEDEL, M. J.; BUSCEMA, M.; VICENTE, L. E.; IWASHITA, F.; KOGA-VICENTE, A. Mapping fractional landscape soils and vegetation components from Hyperion satellite imagery using an unsupervised machine-learning workflow. International Journal of Digital Earth, v. 11, n. 7, p. 670-690, 2018. |
| Parceria/partes: | UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, GNS Science, Semeion Centro Ricerche di Scienza della Comunicazione, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze (UniFl), University of Colorado, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: An unsupervised machine-learning workflow is proposed for estimating fractional landscape soils and vegetation components from remotely sensed hyperspectral imagery. The workflow is applied to EO-1 Hyperion satellite imagery collected near Ibirací, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The proposed workflow includes subset feature selection, learning, and estimation algorithms. Network training with landscape feature class realizations provide a hypersurface from which to estimate mixtures of soil (e.g. 0.5 exceedance for pixels: 75% clay-rich Nitisols, 15% iron-rich Latosols, and 1% quartz-rich Arenosols) and vegetation (e.g. 0.5 exceedance for pixels: 4% Aspen-like trees, 7% Blackberry-like trees, 0% live grass, and 2% dead grass). The process correctly maps forests and iron-rich Latosols as being coincident with existing drainages, and correctly classifies the clay-rich Nitisols and grasses on the intervening hills. These classifications are independently corroborated visually (Google Earth) and quantitatively (random soil samples and crossplots of field spectra). Some mapping challenges are the underestimation of forest fractions and overestimation of soil fractions where steep valley shadows exist, and the under representation of classified grass in some dry areas of the Hyperion image. These preliminary results provide impetus for future hyperspectral studies involving airborne and satellite sensors with higher signal-to-noise and smaller footprints. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1753-8947 (print), 1753-8955 (online). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2017.1349841 Pendência: PA SEG associado. (ID_PAT: 21419) |
| Palavras-chave: | Hyperspectral; Machine learning; Remote sensing; Soils and vegetation; Unsupervised workflow. |
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| Plano de Ação: | ..... |
| Descrição: | ROMERO, D. J.; BEN-DOR, E.; DEMATTÊ, J. A. M.; SOUZA, A. B. e; VICENTE, L. E.; TAVARES, T. R.; MARTELLO, M.; STRABELI, T. F.; SILVA BARROS, P. P. da; FIORIO, P. R.; GALLO, B. C.; SATO, M. V. Internal soil standard method for the Brazilian soil spectral library: Performance and proximate analysis. Geoderma, v. 312, p. 95-103, 2018. |
| Parceria/partes: | ESALQ - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Tel Aviv University, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Danilo Jefferson Romero, Eyal Ben-Dor, José A.M. Demattê, Arnaldo Barros e Souza, Luiz Eduardo Vicente, Tiago Rodrigues Tavares, Mauricio Martello, Taila Fernanda Strabeli, Pedro Paulo da Silva Barros, Peterson Ricardo Fiorio, Bruna Cristina Gallo, Marcus Vinicius Sato, Mateus Tonini Eitelwein, |
| Observaçao: | Demais autores: EITELWEIN, M. T. (13º). ISSN: 0016-7061. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.09.014 Pendência: PA SEG associado. (ID_PAT: 21480) |
| Palavras-chave: | Soil spectroscopy; VIS-NIR-SWIR; Clay prediction; Soil measurement protocol. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.11.07.001.05.06 |
| Descrição: | SIMIONI, F. J.; BUSCHINELLI, C. C. de A.; MOREIRA, J. M. M. A. P.; PASSOS, B. M. dos; GIROTTO, S. B. F. T. Forest biomass chain of production: challenges of small-scale forest production in southern Brazil. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 174, p. 889-898, 2018. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Florestas (CNPF), UDESC - Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Biovita Consultoria Ambiental Ltda., |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Renewable resources have substantial participation in the energy network of Brazil. With regard to forest biomass, efforts are being made to increase the participation of firewood from cultivated groves to replace wood from native forests. The aim of the present study was to characterize the chain of production of firewood from cultivated eucalyptus in the region of Santa Cruz do Sul in southern Brazil, focusing on an analysis of the challenges of small-scale firewood production for energy needs and energy self-sufficiency on rural family farms. The research strategy involved data collection through visits and interviews performed in two phases (October 2014 and June 2015) with a sample of 36 agents who represent different segments of the chain of production. A board of forestry experts was united in 2016 for the validation of the data. The results indicated that farmers produce eucalyptus wood to meet their energy demands with low production costs. The main challenges for energy self-sufficiency are related to the scarcity of capital and labor. This study offers important information that can assist in the establishment of public policies and actions to promote the sustainable use of eucalyptus groves to provide energy to small-scale farming operations. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0959-6526. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.10.330 (ID_PAT: 21120) |
| Palavras-chave: | Eucalyptus firewood; Forest policy; Family farming; Forest costs; Energy self-sufficiency. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.12.01.001.01.02 |
| Descrição: | MADARI, B. E.; SILVA, M. A. S. da; CARVALHO, M. T. de M.; MAIA, A. de H. N.; PETTER, F. A.; SANTOS, J. L. S.; TSAI, S. M.; LEAL, W. G. de O.; ZEVIANI, W. M. Properties of a sandy clay loam Haplic Ferralsol and soybean grain yield in a five-year field trial as affected by biochar amendment. Geoderma, v. 305, p. 100-112, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Arroz e Feijão (CNPAF), CENA/USP - Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, UFMT - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, UFPR - Universidade Federal do Paraná, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Biochar may increase soil fertility and crop yield by enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC), nutrient availability and water retention. However, the mechanisms through which biochar effects crop yield at field scale and the time span over which biochar can affect soil properties and crop yield are still little known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of wood biochar as soil amendment, combined with the application of synthetic fertilizer in a zero-tillage system, on soil physical-chemical properties and soybean grain yield in a 5-year field trial settled on a sandy clay loam Haplic Ferralsol of the Brazilian savannah. Immediately after biochar application (year 0), soil pH and plant available water (PAW) increased and Al3+ and bulk density (BD) decreased linearly with biochar application rate. Later, in year 5, biochar had no effect for PAW and BD increased with biochar rates. The SOC was not affected until the third year after application, but increased linearly with biochar rates at 4 and 5 years after its application. Macro-porosity (MAC) was affected in a quadratic manner reaching a maximum at 8 Mg ha−1 biochar rate in years 0 and 2, however in year 5 it decreased with increasing biochar rates. Soybean grain yield increased with biochar rates until the third year after its application. There was almost no interaction effect of biochar and synthetic fertilizer; except for potassium (K+) availability and grain yield in year 3. Possible control mechanisms of biochar effect on soybean grain yield through its effect on soil fertility and physical-hydraulic properties are discussed. The effect of biochar on soybean yield depended on multiple independent factors that included soil and environmental variables. Because of this its effect on yield was variable through the years, which makes it rather unpredictable. Biochar, however, may have an important contribution to sustainable production through enhancing the effect of conservation soil management, like the use of green manure or mulching, on SOC accumulation. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0016-7061. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.05.029 (ID_PAT: 21046) |
| Palavras-chave: | Soil fertility; Soil organic carbon; Soil water retention capacity; Soil porosity; Neotropical savannah; Biochar. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.12.01.001.01.02 |
| Descrição: | COELHO, C. A. dos S.; FIRPO, M. A. F.; MAIA, A. de H. N.; MACLACHLAN, C. Exploring the feasibility of empirical, dynamical and combined probabilistic rainy season onset forecasts for São Paulo, Brazil. International Journal of Climatology, v. 37, p. 398-411, 2017. Supplement 1. |
| Parceria/partes: | INPE - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Met Office Hadley Centre, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | This study investigates the feasibility and presents an assessment of probabilistic rainy season onset forecasts for São Paulo, Brazil, located in a region with a well-defined wet season from mid-austral spring (October) to austral autumn (March/April). The probabilistic forecasts were produced with (1) a simple empirical Cox-regression model using July Niño-3 index as predictor, (2) the dynamical coupled atmosphere-land-surface-ocean-sea-ice model used in the UK Met Office Global Seasonal Forecast System (GloSea5) and (3) a procedure that combines the empirical and dynamical model onset probabilistic forecasts. The probabilistic forecast assessment was performed over the 1996–2009 retrospective forecast period for the event rainy season onset earlier (or later) than the historical (mean) onset date. The three investigated approaches resulted in similar discrimination ability of around 80%, which represents the probability of the probabilistic forecasts correctly distinguishing earlier from a later than mean onsets, suggesting good potential for rainy season onset forecasts for São Paulo. The robustness of this assessment for an extended period (longer than 1996–2009) and for a region (20°S, 25°S, 45°W, 55°W) that includes the city of São Paulo was checked, reinforcing the validity of the obtained results at both local and regional scales. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1097-0088. DOI: 10.1002/joc.5010 (ID_PAT: 21298) |
| Palavras-chave: | Rainy season onset; Probabilistic forecasts; Empirical; Dynamical and combined forecasts. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.14.03.001.02.05 |
| Descrição: | CLEMENTE, Z.; CASTRO, V. L. S. S. de; FRANQUI, L. S.; SILVA, C. A.; MARTINEZ, D. S. T. Nanotoxicity of graphene oxide: Assessing the influence of oxidation debris in the presence of humic acid. Environmental Pollution, v. 225, p. 118–128, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | CNPEM - Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materias, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: This study sought to evaluate the toxicological effects of graphene oxide (GO) through tests with Danio rerio (zebrafish) embryos, considering the influence of the base washing treatment and the interaction with natural organic matter (i.e., humic acid, HA). A commercial sample of GO was refluxed with NaOH to remove oxidation debris (OD) byproducts, which resulted in a base washed GO sample (bw-GO). This process decreased the total oxygenated groups in bw-GO and its stability in water compared to GO. When tested in the presence of HA, both GO and bw-GO stabilities were enhanced in water. Although the embryo exposure showed no acute toxicity or malformation, the larvae exposed to GO showed a reduction in their overall length and acetylcholinesterase activity. In the presence of HA, GO also inhibited acid phosphatase activity. Our findings indicate a mitigation of material toxicity after OD removal. The difference in the biological effects may be related to the materials’ bioavailability and biophysicochemical interactions. This study reports for the first time the critical influence of OD on the GO material biological reactivity and HA interaction, providing new data for nanomaterial environmental risk assessment and sustainable nanotechnology. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0269-7491. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.033 (ID_PAT: 20604) |
| Palavras-chave: | Nanotechnology; Embryotoxicity; Biomarker; Nanoecotoxicology; Zebrafish. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.14.03.001.02.05 |
| Descrição: | COA, F.; STRAUSS, M.; CLEMENTE, Z.; NETO, L. L. R.; LOPES, J. R.; ALENCAR, R. S.; SOUZA FILHO, A. G.; ALVES, O. L.; CASTRO, V. L. S. S. de; BARBIERI, E.; MARTINEZ, D. S. T. Coating carbon nanotubes with humic acid using an eco-friendly mechanochemical method: application for Cu(II) ions removal from water and aquatic ecotoxicity. Science of The Total Environment, v. 607-608, p. 1479-1486, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | APTA - Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, CNPEM - Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materias, UFC - Universidade Federal do Ceará, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | In this work, industrial grade multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were coated with humic acid (HA) for the first time by means of a milling process, which can be considered an eco-friendly mechanochemical method to prepare materials and composites. The HA-MWCNT hybrid material was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopies (SEM and STEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), termogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Raman spectroscopy. STEM and AFM images demonstrated that the MWCNTs were efficiently coated by the humic acid, thus leading to an increase of 20% in the oxygen content at the nanotube surface as observed by the XPS data. After the milling process, the carbon nanotubes were shortened as unveiled by SEM images and the values of ID/IG intensity ratio increased due to shortening of the nanotubes and increasing in the number defects at the graphitic structure of carbon nanotubes walls. The analysis of TGA data showed that the quantity of the organic matter of HA on the nanotube surface was 25%. The HA coating was responsible to favor the dispersion of MWCNTs in ultrapure water (i.e. − 42 mV, zeta-potential value) and to improve their capacity for copper removal. HA-MWCNTs hybrid material adsorbed 2.5 times more Cu(II) ions than oxidized MWCNTs with HNO3, thus evidencing that it is a very efficient adsorbent material for removing copper ions from reconstituted water. The HA-MWCNTs hybrid material did not show acute ecotoxicity to the tested aquatic model organisms (Hydra attenuata, Daphnia magna, and Danio rerio embryos) up to the highest concentration evaluated (10 mg L− 1). The results allowed concluding that the mechanochemical method is effective to coat carbon nanotubes with humic acid, thus generating a functional hybrid material with low aquatic toxicity and great potential to be applied in environmental nanotechnologies such as the removal of heavy metal ions from water. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0048-9697. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.045 (ID_PAT: 20761) |
| Palavras-chave: | Ball milling; Mechanochemistry; Functionalization; Nanoecotoxicology. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.15.02.001.06.05 |
| Descrição: | CASTRO, R. A.; DOURADO, M. N.; ALMEIDA, J. R. de; LACAVA, P. T.; NAVE, A.; MELO, I. S. de; AZEVEDO, J. L. de; QUECINE, M. C. Mangrove endophyte promotes reforestation tree (Acacia polyphylla) growth. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, v. 49, n. 1, p. 59-66, 2018. |
| Parceria/partes: | ESALQ - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Bioflora Comercial Ltda., UFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos - campus São Carlos, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Mangroves are ecosystems located in the transition zone between land and sea that serve as a potential source of biotechnological resources. Brazil\'s extensive coast contains one of the largest mangrove forests in the world (encompassing an area of 25,000 km2 along all the coast). Endophytic bacteria were isolated from the following three plant species: Rhizophora mangle, Laguncularia racemosa and Avicennia nitida. A large number of these isolates, 115 in total, were evaluated for their ability to fix nitrogen and solubilize phosphorous. Bacteria that tested positive for both of these tests were examined further to determine their level of indole acetic acid production. Two strains with high indole acetic acid production were selected for use as inoculants for reforestation trees, and then the growth of the plants was evaluated under field conditions. The bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens (strain MCR1.10) had a low phosphorus solubilization index, while this index was higher in the other strain used, Enterobacter sp. (strain MCR1.48). We used the reforestation tree Acacia polyphylla. The results indicate that inoculation with the MCR1.48 endophyte increases Acacia polyphylla shoot dry mass, demonstrating that this strain effectively promotes the plant\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s growth and fitness, which can be used in the seedling production of this tree. Therefore, we successfully screened the biotechnological potential of endophyte isolates from mangrove, with a focus on plant growth promotion, and selected a strain able to provide limited nutrients and hormones for in plant growth. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1517-8382 (print), 1678-4405 (online). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjm.2017.04.002 (ID_PAT: 20974) |
| Palavras-chave: | Endophytic bacteria; IAA; Phosphorus and plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.15.02.001.06.05 |
| Descrição: | GENUÁRIO, D. B.; VAZ, M. G. M. V.; MELO, I. S. de Phylogenetic insights into the diversity of homocytous cyanobacteria from Amazonian rivers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, v. 116, p. 120-135, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | The Amazon Rainforest holds great tropical biodiversity, mainly because of its favourable climatic conditions. The high temperatures, luminosity and humidity coupled with the nutritional simplicity of cyanobacteria allow undiscovered diversity to ?ourish within this group of microorganisms. Some e?orts to reveal this diversity have been attempted; however, most were focused on the microscopic observation of environmental samples without any genetic information. Very few studies focusing on morphological, ecological and molecular criteria have been conducted, and none have been devoted to homocytous cyanobacteria forms in Amazonia region. Therefore, the genetic relationships amongst strains retrieved from this ecosystem with regard to other environments from Brazil and the world have not been tested and,consequently,the Amazonian strains would naturally be assumed as noveltoscience. To examine these relationships, cultured homocytous cyanobacteria isolated from two Amazonian rivers (Amazonas and Solimões) were evaluated using a phylogenetic perspective, considering the 16S rRNA gene sequence. A total of eleven homocytous cyanobacterial strains were isolated. Morphologically, they were identi?ed as Pseudanabaena, Leptolyngbya, Planktothrix and Phormidium, but genetically they were included in the typical clusters of Planktothrix, Pseudanabaena, Cephalothrix, Pantanalinema and Alkalinema. These three latter genera have been detected in other Brazilian ecosystems only (Pantanal, Atlantic Rainforest and Pampa), while those remaining have been extensively found in many parts of the world. The data provided here indicate that Amazonian rivers support a homocytous cyanobacterial diversity previously reported from other geographical and ecological environments |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1055-7903. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.08.010 (ID_PAT: 21576) |
| Palavras-chave: | Alkalinema; Amazônia; Cephalothrix; Pantanalinema. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.12.01.026.00.07 |
| Descrição: | NOVAES, R. M. L.; PAZIANOTTO, R. A. A. ; BRANDÃO, M.; ALVES, B. J. R.; MAY, A.; MATSUURA, M. I. da S. F. Estimating 20-year land-use change and derived CO2 emissions associated with crops, pasture and forestry in Brazil and each of its 27 states. Global Change Biology, v. 23, n. 9, p. 3716-3728, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Agrobiologia (CNPAB), Embrapa Milho e Sorgo (CNPMS), IUNG - Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, KTH Royal Institute of Techonology, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Land use change (LUC) in Brazil has important implications on global climate change, ecosystem services and biodiversity, and agricultural expansion plays a critical role in this process. Concerns over these issues have led to the need for estimating the magnitude and impacts associated to that, which are increasingly reported in the environmental assessment of products. Currently, there is an extensive debate on which methods are more appropriate for estimating LUC and related emissions and regionalized estimates are lacking for Brazil, which is a world leader in agricultural production (e.g. food, fibers and bioenergy). We developed a method for estimating scenarios of past 20-years LUC and derived CO2 emissions associated to 64 crops, pasture and forestry in Brazil as whole and in each of its 27 states, based on time-series statistics and in accordance with most used carbon-footprinting standards. The scenarios adopted provide a range between minimum and maximum rates of CO2 emissions from LUC according to different possibilities of land use transitions, which can have large impacts in the results. Specificities of Brazil, like multiple cropping and highly heterogeneous carbon stocks, are also addressed. The highest CO2 emissions rates are observed in the Amazon biome states and crops with the highest rates are those that have undergone expansion in this region. Some states and crops showing large agricultural areas have low emissions associated, especially in southern and eastern Brazil. Native carbon stocks and time of agricultural expansion are the most decisive factors to the patterns of emissions. Some implications on LUC estimation methods and standards and on agrienvironmental policies are discussed. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1354-1013 (print), 1365-2486 (online). DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13708 (ID_PAT: 20593) |
| Palavras-chave: | Amazon; Beef; BRLUC; Carbon footprinting life cycle assessment (LCA); Maize; Soybean; Sugarcane. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.13.12.001.00.02 |
| Descrição: | SCHINKE, C.; MARTINS, T.; QUEIROZ, S. C. N. de; MELO, I. S. de; REYES, F. G. R. Antibacterial compounds from marine bacteria, 2010-2015. Journal of Natural Products, Cincinnati, v. 80, n. 4, p. 1215–1228, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | This review summarizes the reports on antibacterial compounds that have been obtained from marine-derived bacteria during the period 2010−2015. Over 50 active compounds were isolated during this period, most of which (69%) were obtained from Actinobacteria. Several compounds were already known, such as etamycin A (11) and nosiheptide (65), and new experiments with them showed some previously undetected antibacterial activities, highlighting the fact that known natural products may be an important source of new antibacterial leads. New broad-spectrum antibacterial compounds were reported with activity against antibiotic resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Anthracimycin (33), kocurin (66), gageotetrins A−C(72−74), and gageomacrolactins 1−3(86−88) are examples of compounds that display promising properties and could be leads to new antibiotics. A number of microbes produced mixtures of metabolites sharing similar chemical scaffolds, and structure−activity relationships are discussed. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN:0163-3864 (print), 1520-6025 (online). DOI:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00235 (ID_PAT: 20632) |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.14.14.001.00.02 |
| Descrição: | LACERDA JÚNIOR, G. V.; NORONHA, M. F.; SOUSA, S. T. P. de; CABRAL, L.; DOMINGOS, D. F.; SÁBER, M. L.; MELO, I. S. de; OLIVEIRA, V. M. Potential of semiarid soil from Caatinga biome as a novel source for mining lignocellulose-degrading enzymes. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, v. 93, n. 2, p. 1-15, 2017. Erratum to: potential of semiarid soil from Caatinga biome as a novel source for mining lignocellulose-degrading enzymes. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, v. 93, 2017, fix075. DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fix075 |
| Parceria/partes: | CPQBA/Unicamp, Paulinia/SP, University of California - campus San Diego, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: The litterfall is the major organic material deposited in soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome, thus providing the ideal conditions for plant biomass-degrading microorganisms to thrive. Herein, the phylogenetic composition and lignocellulose-degrading capacity have been explored for the first time from a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening. A complex bacterial community dominated by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria was unraveled. SEED subsystems-based annotations revealed a broad range of genes assigned to carbohydrate and aromatic compounds metabolism, indicating microbial ability to utilize plant-derived material. CAZy-based annotation identified 7275 genes encoding 37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families related to hydrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose, oligosaccharides and other lignin-modifying enzymes. Taxonomic affiliation of genes showed high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation, whereas Actinobacteria members appear to play an important role in celullose hydrolysis. Additionally, comparative analyses revealed greater GHs profile similarity among soils as compared to the digestive tract of animals capable of digesting plant biomass, particularly in the hemicellulases content. Combined results suggest a complex synergistic interaction of community members required for biomass degradation into fermentable sugars. This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0168-6496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiw248 (original article). (ID_PAT: 21587) |
| Palavras-chave: | Caatinga soil; Biofuels; Bioinformatics; Lignocellulose degradation; Metagenomics/community genomics. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.15.07.001.00.07 |
| Descrição: | PEREZ-JARAMILLO, J. E.; CARRIÓN, V. J.; BOSSE, M.; FERRÃO, L. F. V.; HOLLANDER, M. de; GARCIA, A. A. F.; RAMÍREZ, C. A.; MENDES, R.; RAAIJMAKERS, J. M. Linking rhizosphere microbiome composition of wild and domesticated Phaseolus vulgaris to genotypic and root phenotypic traits. The ISME Journal, v. 11, p. 2244–2257, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | ESALQ - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Leiden University, Netherlands Institute of Ecology - NIOO-KNAW, University of Antioquia, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Plant domestication was a pivotal accomplishment in human history, but also led to a reduction in genetic diversity of crop species compared to their wild ancestors. How this reduced genetic diversity affected plant–microbe interactions belowground is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the genetic relatedness, root phenotypic traits and rhizobacterial community composition of modern and wild accessions of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) grown in agricultural soil from the highlands of Colombia, one of the centers of common bean diversification. Diversity Array Technology-based genotyping and phenotyping of local common bean accessions showed significant genetic and root architectural differences between wild and modern accessions, with a higher specific root length for the wild accessions. Canonical Correspondence Analysis indicated that the divergence in rhizobacterial community composition between wild and modern bean accessions is associated with differences in specific root length. Along the bean genotypic trajectory, going from wild to modern, we observed a gradual decrease in relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, mainly Chitinophagaceae and Cytophagaceae, and an increase in relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, in particular Nocardioidaceae and Rhizobiaceae, respectively. Collectively, these results establish a link between common bean domestication, specific root morphological traits and rhizobacterial community assembly. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1751-7362. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2017.85 (ID_PAT: 21300) |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.15.07.001.00.07 |
| Descrição: | MENDES, L. W.; RAAIJMAKERS, J. M.; HOLLANDER, M. de; MENDES, R.; TSAI, S. M. Influence of resistance breeding in common bean on rhizosphere microbiome composition and function. The ISME Journal, v. 12, p. 212-224, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Leiden University, Netherlands Institute of Ecology - NIOO-KNAW, CENA/USP - Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | The rhizosphere microbiome has a key role in plant growth and health, providing a first line of defense against root infections by soil-borne pathogens. Here, we investigated the composition and metabolic potential of the rhizobacterial community of different common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars with variable levels of resistance to the fungal root pathogen Fusarium oxysporum (Fox). For the different bean cultivars grown in two soils with contrasting physicochemical properties and microbial diversity, rhizobacterial abundance was positively correlated with Fox resistance. Pseudomonadaceae, bacillaceae, solibacteraceae and cytophagaceae were more abundant in the rhizosphere of the Fox-resistant cultivar. Network analyses showed a modular topology of the rhizosphere microbiome of the Fox-resistant cultivar, suggesting a more complex and highly connected bacterial community than in the rhizosphere of the Fox-susceptible cultivar. Metagenome analyses further revealed that specific functional traits such as protein secretion systems and biosynthesis genes of antifungal phenazines and rhamnolipids were more abundant in the rhizobacterial community of the Fox-resistant cultivar. Our findings suggest that breeding for Fox resistance in common bean may have co-selected for other unknown plant traits that support a higher abundance of specific beneficial bacterial families in the rhizosphere with functional traits that reinforce the first line of defense. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1751-7362. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2017.158 (ID_PAT: 21327) |
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| Plano de Ação: | 03.12.00.036.00.02 |
| Descrição: | JONSSON, C. M.; ARANA, S.; FERRACINI, V. L.; QUEIROZ, S. C. N. de; CLEMENTE, Z.; VALLIM, J. H.; MAIA, A. de H. N.; MOURA, M. A. M. de Herbicide mixtures from usual practice in sugarcane crop: evaluation of oxidative stress and histopathological effects in the tropical fish Oreochromis niloticus. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 228, n. 11, p. 1-16, 2017. Article 332. |
| Parceria/partes: | IB-UNICAMP (Instituto de Biologia/Unicamp), |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Sugarcane is one of the world’s most important commodities. In order to control weeds in the plantations and increase productivity, the mixing of different herbicides during spraying operations is commonplace. This practice is unregulated, and the impact on water quality and nontarget tropical species is poorly understood. In the present work, exposure and recovery assays were used to evaluate antioxidant enzyme activity and histopathological alterations in the liver of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) following exposure to mixtures of the herbicides widely used in sugarcane crops: ametryn (AMT), tebuthiuron (TBUT), diuron (DIU), and hexazinone (HZN). The greatest biochemical changes were observed for the mixture (DIU+HZN)+AMT+TBUT at the highest concentration tested (1/10 96hLC50). This mixture caused a significant increase (p < 0.01) of approximately 82% in GST activity after 14 days of exposure. For three of the mixtures evaluated, GST and CAT could be considered potential biochemical biomarkers of exposure to the herbicide mixtures due to the frequency, intensity, and statistical significance of alterations in the assimilation phase. Although morphological changes were evident in the hepatic tissue, severe damage was only noted in a few samples, and there were no statistically significant differences, relative to the control. The results of hepatic lesion recovery assays suggested that the most sensitive individuals affected by the xenobiotics were unable to achieve full recovery. It is anticipated that the data obtained may assist in the selection of biomarkers for monitoring purposes, as well as in reinforcing standards of conduct in the use of agrochemical mixtures in agriculture. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0049-6979 (print), 1573-2932 (online). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-017-3506-2 (ID_PAT: 20906) |
| Palavras-chave: | Tropical teleost; Biochemical biomarkers; Histopathological biomarkers; Long-term assay; Nontarget organisms; Sugarcane; Antioxidant enzymes; Oreochromis niloticus. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 03.12.00.036.00.02 |
| Descrição: | MOURA, M. A. M. de; OLIVEIRA, R.; JONSSON, C. M.; DOMINGUES, I.; SOARES, A. M. V. M.; NOGUEIRA, A. J. A. The sugarcane herbicide ametryn induces oxidative stress and developmental abnormalities in zebrafish embryos. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, v. 25, n. 14, p. 13416-13425, 2018. |
| Parceria/partes: | UnB - Universidade de Brasília, Universidade de Aveiro, Instituto Biológico, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Ametryn (AMT) is one of the most widely used herbicides in tropical sugarcane crops, the main culture of São Paulo State, Brazil. It is known as a diffuse pollutant, being found in surface water and sediment of water bodies adjacent to the crop fields. In the present study, the toxicity of AMT to zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos was evaluated using developmental and biochemical endpoints. At the biochemical level, lactate dehydrogenase responded at the lowest concentration tested (4 μg L−1) indicating a high demand of energy required to cope with the stress condition. Antioxidant enzyme levels were changed at intermediate/high concentrations while oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation) was observed at the last concentration tested (10 mg L−1). This suggests that, like for other herbicides from the triazine group, oxidative stress is a major pathway of toxicity for AMT. Several developmental effects such as oedemas and tail deformities were also observed. The 96 h-EC50 values calculated for different developmental parameters were between 17 and 29 mg L−1. AMT also affected hatching (96 h-EC50 = 22.5 mg L−1) and positioning in the water column (96 h-EC50 = 13.2 mg L−1). In a previous work of the group, lethal toxicity of AMT showed to be much higher to adults than to embryos. However, in the present work, sublethal endpoints assessed suggest that important effects are observed at lower concentrations, improving the sensitivity of the embryo test. Moreover, in this work, sublethal effects were observed for concentrations in the same range as the ones found in the environment, and thus, given that this chemical is widely used in tropical fields, a refined evaluation of risk should be performed based on the monitoring of sublethal and long-term parameters and considering mixture scenarios. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0944-1344 (print), 1614-7499 (online). DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9614-0 (ID_PAT: 21417) |
| Palavras-chave: | Fish embryos; Oxidative stress; Embryotoxicity; Agrochemicals; Agricultural runoff. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 03.12.00.036.00.02 |
| Descrição: | DANTZGER, D. D.; DANTZGER, M.; JONSSON, C. M.; AOYAMA, H. In vitro effects of agriculture pollutants on microcrustacean and fish acid phosphatases. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, v. 228, n. 10, p. 3-10, 2017. Article 391. |
| Parceria/partes: | IB-UNICAMP (Instituto de Biologia/Unicamp), |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Chemical inputs from agricultural activities represent a threat to aquatic biota and its biochemical systems. Among these systems, acid phosphatases are involved in autophagic digestive processes, decomposing organic phosphates, signaling pathways, and other metabolic routes. In vitro tests are helpful to generate hypotheses about pollutant mechanisms of action through comparison of the toxicity effects of these compounds. In this work, we investigated the inhibitory effects of four organic pesticides and three metals on the acid phosphatases extracted from the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia similis and the fish Metynnis argenteus. Our results demonstrated that only the metals have considerable inhibitory effects (50% or higher) on the enzyme activities. The calculated median effect concentrations (IC50) for the enzyme inhibition were 0.139 mM Hg2+ (fish enzyme), 0.652 mM Cu2+ (fish enzyme), and 1.974 mM Al3+ (Daphnia enzyme). Due to the relatively low value of the inhibition parameter for Hg2+, its inhibitory property could be used as a tool for Hg2+ detection in environmental samples. The enzyme activities obtained in the presence of the inhibitors are potential data as in vivo biomarkers for metals in both aquatic species. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0049-6979 (print), 1573-2932(online). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-017-3570-7 (ID_PAT: 21418) |
| Palavras-chave: | Acid phosphatases; Pollutants; Toxicity; Biomarker. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 03.13.06.006.00.01 |
| Descrição: | TERAO, D.; NECHET, K. de L.; PONTE, M. S.; MAIA, A. de H. N.; ANJOS, V. D. A.; HALFELD-VIEIRA, B. A. Physical postharvest treatments combined with antagonistic yeast on the control of orange green mold. Scientia Horticulturae, v. 224, p. 317-323, 2017 |
| Parceria/partes: | UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, ITAL - Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: In order to control the green mold on orange, the effect of physical postharvest treatments, using hot water brushing (HWB) and ultraviolet C irradiation (UVC), alone or in combination with antagonistic yeast (Candida membranifaciens CMAA-1112) was studied. The mechanisms involved in the biocontrol and the effects of these treatments on postharvest quality of fruit were also investigated. The results showed that HWB at 55 °C for 30 s and UVC at 2 kJ m⁻² stand-alone were capable of reducing the decay progress in around 70%. C. membranifaciensC. membranifaciens was effective in reducing the disease severity, and the main mechanism of control was by inducing systemic resistance on fruit peel. The combination of physical treatments and C. membranifaciensC. membranifaciens presented an additive effect increasing the efficacy in controlling the disease, and extended the fruit shef-life. Our data suggest that the integration of physical treatments combined with C. membranifaciens could be an alternative to fungicides use in postharvest treatment for the control of the green mold on orange. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0304-4238. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2017.06.038 (ID_PAT: 20752) |
| Palavras-chave: | UV-C irradiation; Hot water brushing treatment; Postharvest pathology; Penicillium digitatum; Biological control. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 03.14.10.004.00.02 |
| Descrição: | BORBA, R. P.; RIBEIRINHO, V. S.; CAMARGO, O. A. de; ANDRADE, C. A. de; KIRA, C. S.; COSCIONE, A. R. Ion leaching and soil solution acidification in a vadose zone under soil treated with sewage sludge for agriculture. Chemosphere, v. 192, p. 81-89, 2018. |
| Parceria/partes: | IAC - Instituto Agronômico, UNICAMP/IG - Instituto de Geociências, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo/SP, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: In this study, we performed monitoring of the soil solution (SS) over 10 years on a loamy/clayey-textured Dark Red Dystroferric Oxisol that received sewage sludge for agricultural purposes. The SS was obtained by lysimeters installed along the walls of a well at 1 m, 2 m, 3 m, 4 m and 5 m in depth. The major ions found in the SS were NO3-, SO42-, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+, and the pH level ranged from 4 to 6.5 along the profile. Throughout the first three years of monitoring, the pH to a 3-m depth became more acidic, and in the last year, this trend reached 5 m. At the 5-m depth, the pH decreased from 6.5 to 4.5 from the first to the last monitoring. The SS acidification was provoked by both nitrite oxidation and ion leaching. The leaching of H+ or the possible ion exchange/desorption of H+ due to the leached cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) at the 4-m and 5-m depth caused the pH decrease. The ionic strength (IS) of the solution controlled the ion leaching. The sludge application increased the IS to 3 m, increasing the density of the soil charges and its ability to absorb ions. After the sludge application was completed, there was a decrease in IS of the SS as well as a decrease in ion absorption and retention abilities, which promoted leaching to greater depths. During the entire monitoring process, NO3-, Cd and Pb remained above the potability limit. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0045-6535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.112 (ID_PAT: 21117) |
| Palavras-chave: | Sewage sludge; Soil solution; Acidification; Ion leaching; Ionic strength. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 03.14.10.004.00.03 |
| Descrição: | GRUTZMACHER, P.; PUGA, A. P.; BIBAR, M. P. S.; COSCIONE, A. R. ; PACKER, A. P. ; ANDRADE, C. A. de Carbon stability and mitigation of fertilizer induced N2O emissions in soil amended with biochar. Science of The Total Environment, v. 625, p. 1459-1466, 2018. |
| Parceria/partes: | IAC - Instituto Agronômico, JBS Ambiental, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Biochar is a promising tool for an efficient and low environmental impact agriculture since can offer both soil carbon (C) sequestration and mitigation of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. The extent of biochar C stability after soil amendment and efficiency in reducing N2O emissions from an external nitrogen (N) source were accessed through laboratory incubations. A clay loam soil was amended with chicken manure (CM), sewage sludge (SS), eucalyptus sawdust (ES) and filter cake (FC) feedstocks and corresponding slow-pyrolysis (400 °C) biochars at 5 g C kg− 1 soil in combination with two N fertilizer rates (0 and 140 mg N kg− 1 soil). Carbon dioxide (CO2) and N2O emissions were measured during 60 days. Biochars and feedstocks CO2 emissions were described by an exponential first order kinetics model. For C mineralization an interaction effect was observed for feedstock source and organic amendment. Lower values of mineralizable C was found for biochars than corresponding feedstocks, except for ES. Carbon losses in 60 days of incubation totaled between 0.8 and 9.4% and 2.4 and 32% for biochars and feedstocks, respectively. Regarding to N2O emissions, only CM-biochar impacted emissions with a two-fold increase in non-fertilized soil. When NH4NO3 was co-applied, biochars reduced fertilizer induced N2O emissions, reaching a seven-fold reduction in SS-biochar treatment. The fertilizer emission factor (EF) decreased with biochar amendments as well, varying between 0.01 and 0.08% of the fertilizer N emitted as N2O, which shows the biochar potential to reduce fertilizer induced N2O emissions, with major reduction by SS-biochar mitigating 87% of the soil-fertilizer emissions. Such potential could be explored by designing biochars based on feedstock chemical and structural properties, including a mixed feedstock source biochar that promotes C sequestration and mitigates N2O emissions. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0048-9697. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.196 (ID_PAT: 21615) |
| Palavras-chave: | Pyrolized biomass; Greenhouse gas emissions; Nitrogen; Carbon sequestration; Black carbon. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 16.00.2.50.01.16 |
| Descrição: | KÖBERL, M.; RODRIGUEZ, M. A. D.; MARTINUZ, A.; STAVER, C. P.; BERG, GABRIELE Members of Gammaproteobacteria as indicator species of healthy banana plants on Fusarium wiltinfested fields in Central America. Scientific Reports, v. 7, n. 45318, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Bioversity International, Graz University of Technology, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Culminating in the 1950’s, bananas, the world’s most extensive perennial monoculture, suffered one of the most devastating disease epidemics in history. In Latin America and the Caribbean, Fusarium wilt (FW) caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (FOC), forced the abandonment of the Gros Michel-based export banana industry. Comparative microbiome analyses performed between healthy and diseased Gros Michel plants on FW-infested farms in Nicaragua and Costa Rica revealed significant shifts in the gammaproteobacterial microbiome. Although we found substantial differences in the banana microbiome between both countries and a higher impact of FOC on farms in Costa Rica than in Nicaragua, the composition especially in the endophytic microhabitats was similar and the general microbiome response to FW followed similar rules. Gammaproteobacterial diversity and community members were identified as potential health indicators. Healthy plants revealed an increase in potentially plant-beneficial Pseudomonas and Stenotrophomonas, while diseased plants showed a preferential occurrence of Enterobacteriaceae known for their plant-degrading capacity. Significantly higher microbial rhizosphere diversity found in healthy plants could be indicative of pathogen suppression events preventing or minimizing disease expression. This first study examining banana microbiome shifts caused by FW under natural field conditions opens new perspectives for its biological control. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 2045-2322. DOI: 10.1038/srep45318 Objeto associado ao PA 03.15.00.128.00.02, do projeto co-financiado 03.15.00.128.00.00 (Micro-Musa) - Prospecção e caracterização da diversidade microbiana benéfica associada às raízes de Musa spp. visando melhorar a sustentabilidade de sistemas de produção de bananeira, liderado no CNPMF, por Miguel Angel Dita Rodriguez. (ID_PAT: 20688) |
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| Plano de Ação: | 16.00.2.50.01.16 |
| Descrição: | PETRARCA, M. H.; ROSA, M. A.; QUEIROZ, S. C. N. de; GODOY, H. T. Simultaneous determination of acrylamide and 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone in baby food by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A, v. 1522, p. 62-67, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: A liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of acrylamide and 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone (HDMF) in baby food. The sample preparation involves acetonitrile-based extraction combined with dispersive primary secondary amine (PSA) cleanup and cation-exchange solid-phase extraction (SPE), which promotes efficient removal of matrix interferences. Analytical selectivity and sensitivity were achieved for the quantification of acrylamide and HDMF in complex matrices such as fruit, cereal and milk-based baby foods; furthermore, adequate linearity (range 10–300 μg kg−1) in solvent and matrix-matched calibration curves, and appropriate recoveries (94–110%) and precision (RSD ≤ 10%), under repeatability and within-laboratory reproducibility conditions, were also obtained. Expanded measurement uncertainty was estimated at the 20 μg kg−1 level (limit of quantification) on the basis of data obtained from in-house validation, with values of 25.5 and 16.5% for acrylamide and HDMF, respectively. The fitness for purpose of developed method was verified by analyzing 15 commercial baby foods available in the Brazilian market. Acrylamide was detected in one plum-based baby food (35 μg kg−1) while HDMF in 67% of the samples analyzed (levels between 25 and 262 μg kg−1). |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0021-9673 (impresso). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2017.09.052 (ID_PAT: 21051) |
| Palavras-chave: | Acrylamide; Baby food; Food contaminant; 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone; LC–MS/MS; Uncertainty estimation. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 16.00.2.50.01.16 |
| Descrição: | ARAÚJO, C. A. S. de; SAMPAIO, F. G.; ALCÂNTARA, E.; CURTARELLI, M. P.; OGASHAWARA, I.; STECH, J. L. Effects of atmospheric cold fronts on stratification and water quality of a tropical reservoir: implications for aquaculture. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, v. 9, p. 385-403, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | INPE - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Indiana University, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Fundação CERTI - Fundação Centros de Referência em Tecnologias Inovadoras, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Stratification and mixing patterns of a water body are influenced by the variability of atmospheric systems, which can also modify their biogeochemical properties. The primary goal of this study was to analyze the effect of atmospheric cold fronts (CFs) on thermal stratification and water quality parameters in 4 embayments of the Furnas Hydroelectric Reservoir (FHR) (southeastern Brazil), a warm monomictic water body. A secondary goal was to evaluate the implications of this effect on the aquaculture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) in net cages. A 2 yr dataset of meteorological and water quality parameters was used to compute heat flux balance components and buoyancy frequency. These parameters were used to evaluate the influence of CFs on FHR water column stability and water quality. It was observed that the passing of CFs increased net heat loss and wind velocity, resulting in a partial mixture of surface waters with deeper layers. These changes in the physical structure of the water column altered the diel cycle of water temperature, led to a slight decrease in dissolved oxygen concentrations and pH values during the stratification period, and contributed to the increase in dilution power at the fish cultivation sites. However, following CF passages, no significant changes were observed in water quality parameters that influenced Nile tilapia cultivation in the FHR. Nevertheless, the understanding of meteorological systems and their influence on the physical and biogeochemical properties of an aquatic system is important for optimal management of aquaculture activities. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1869-7534. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00240 Pendência: PA SEG associado. (ID_PAT: 21519) |
| Palavras-chave: | Tropical reservoir; Cold fronts; Water quality parameters; Aquaculture; Nile tilapia. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 16.00.2.50.01.16 |
| Descrição: | BLOMME, G.; RODRIGUEZ, M. A. D.; JACOBSEN, K. S.; VICENTE, L. P.; MOLINA, A.; OCIMATI, W.; POUSSIER, S.; PRIOR, P. Bacterial diseases of bananas and enset: current state of knowledge and integrated approaches toward sustainable management. Frontiers in Plant Science, v. 8, p. 1290, July 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura (CNPMF), |
| Peso: | A1 |
| Conteúdo: | Bacterial diseases of bananas and enset have not received, until recently, an equal amount of attention compared to other major threats to banana production such as the fungal diseases black leaf streak (Mycosphaerella fijiensis) and Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense). However, bacteria cause significant impacts on bananas globally and management practices are not always well known or adopted by farmers. Bacterial diseases in bananas and enset can be divided into three groups: (1) Ralstoniaassociated diseases (Moko/Bugtok disease caused by Ralstonia lanacearum and banana blood disease caused by R. syzygii subsp. celebesensis); (2) Xanthomonas wilt of banana and enset, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum and (3) Erwinia-associated diseases (bacterial head rot or tip-over disease Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora and E. chrysanthemi), bacterial rhizome and pseudostem wet rot (Dickeya paradisiaca formerly E. chrysanthemi pv. paradisiaca). Other bacterial diseases of less widespread importance include: bacterial wilt of abaca, Javanese vascular wilt and bacterial fingertip rot (probably caused by Ralstonia spp., unconfirmed). This review describes global distribution, symptoms, pathogenic diversity, epidemiology and the state of the art for sustainable disease management of the major bacterial wilts currently affecting banana and enset. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1664-462X. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01290 (ID_PAT: 22112) |
| Palavras-chave: | Banana. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.10.06.001.05.04 |
| Descrição: | FROTA, M. N. L.; CARNEIRO, M. S. S.; PEREIRA, E. S.; BERNDT, A. ; FRIGHETTO, R. T. S.; SAKAMOTO, L. S.; MOREIRA FILHO, M. A.; CUTRIM JÚNIOR, J. A.; CARVALHO, G. M. C. Enteric methane in grazing beef cattle under full sun, and in a silvopastoral system in the Amazon. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v. 52, n. 11, p. 1099-1108, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | UFMA - Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Embrapa Meio Norte (CPAMN), Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste (CPPSE), IFMA - Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Maranhão, UFC - Universidade Federal do Ceará, |
| Peso: | A2 |
| Conteúdo: | The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of pasture and enteric methane (CH4) emission of Curraleiro Pé-duro x Nellore cattle in a pasture of Megathyrsus maximus \'Mombaça\', both in full sun and in a consortium with babassu palms (Attalea spp.) in the Amazonian biome. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six steers per system, and the evaluations were done during the dry period (2015) and rainy period (2016). In comparison to forage in the full sun system, forage in the silvopastoral system showed, in the dry period, higher levels of crude protein, ether extract, total digestible nutrient, and in vitro digestible organic matter, and lower levels of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and total carbohydrate (TCHO). In the rainy period, forage in the silvopastoral system showed higher levels of crude protein and a reduction of nonfibrous carbohydrate and TCHO. The CH4 emissions were similar in both systems within the same period, and ranged from 44.0 to 74.2 kg per year per animal. During the dry period, the emission per kilogram of dry ingested matter and the loss of gross energy as methane were lower in the silvopastoral system. During the rainy period, the emissions were similar in both systems. The silvopastoral system yields forage with good quality in the dry period, and considering both periods, it is more efficient (emission of CH4 per daily weight gain) than the system in full sun. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0100-204X (impressa), 1678-3921 (online). DOI: 10.1590/S0100-204X2017001100016 (ID_PAT: 21267) |
| Palavras-chave: | CH4; Curraleiro Pé-duro; Greenhouse gases; Livestock farming; Nellore.
CH4; Curraleiro Pé-duro; Gases de efeito estufa; Pecuária; Nelore. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.12.01.001.03.02 |
| Descrição: | ROSA, M. B. S. da; FIGUEIREDO, R. de O.; MARKEWITZ, D.; KRUSCHE, A. V.; COSTA, F. F.; GERHARD, P. Evasion of CO2 and dissolved carbon in river waters of three small catchments in an area occupied by small family farms in the eastern Amazon. Ambiente e Água , Taubaté, v. 12, n. 4, p. 556-574, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Amazônia Oriental (CPATU), Embrapa Monitoramento por Satélite (CNPM), UFPA - Universidade Federal do Pará, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, University of Georgia, |
| Peso: | A2 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: CO2 effluxes from streams and rivers has been hypothesized to be a critical pathway of carbon flow from the biosphere back to the atmosphere. This study was conducted in three Amazonian small catchments to evaluate carbon evasion and dynamics, where land-use change has occurred on small family-farms. Monthly field campaigns were conducted from June 2006 to May 2007 in the Cumaru (CM), Pachibá (PB) and São João (SJ) streams. Electrical conductivity, pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen measurements were done in situ, while water samples were collected to determine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations, as well as carbon dioxide partial pressures (pCO2) and CO2 evasion fluxes. Instantaneous discharge measured by a current meter was used to calculate DOC fluxes. The sites’ DOC, DIC, pCO2, and CO2 flux measurements ranged as follows, respectively: 0.27 - 12.13 mg L-1; 3.5 - 38.9 mg L-1; 2,265 - 26,974 ppm; and 3.39 - 75.35 μmol m-2 s-1. DOC annual flux estimates for CM, SJ and PB were, respectively, 281, 245, and 169 kg C ha-1. CO2 evasion fluxes ranged from 3.39 to 75.35 μmol m-2 s-1, with an average of 22.70 ± 1.67 μmol m-2 s-1. These CO2 evasion fluxes per unit area were similar to those measured for major Amazonian rivers, thus confirming our hypothesis that small streams can evade substantial quantities of CO2. As secondary vegetation is abundant as a result of family farming management in the region, we conclude that this vegetation can be a major driver of an abundant carbon cycle.
Resumo: Os fluxos de CO2 a partir de igarapés e rios têm sido sugeridos como uma possível e crítica via para os fluxos de retorno do carbono da biosfera para a atmosfera. Esse estudo foi conduzido em três pequenas bacias amazônicas para avaliar a dinâmica e evasão de carbono em região onde as mudanças de uso da terra resultaram em paisagens dominadas por pequenas propriedades de agricultores familiares. Campanhas de campo mensais foram realizadas no período de Junho/2006 a Maio/2007 nas bacias dos igarapés Cumaru (CM), Pachibá (PB) e São João (SJ). Medidas de condutividade elétrica, pH, temperatura, e oxigênio dissolvido foram realizadas in situ, enquanto coletas de amostras de água fluvial foram feitas para determinação das concentrações de carbono orgânico dissolvido (COD) e de inorgânico dissolvido (CID), assim como para as medidas da pressão parcial do dióxido de carbono (pCO2) e dos fluxos de evasão de CO2. A vazão instantânea medida em cada campanha foi usada para cálculo dos fluxos de COD. Considerados todos os igarapés, os fluxos de COD, CID, pCO2, e CO2 variaram da seguinte forma, respectivamente: 0,27 - 12,13 mg L-1; 3,5 - 38,9 mg L-1; 2.265 - 26.974 ppm; and 3,39 - 75,35 μmol m-2 s-1. Os fluxos anuais estimados de COD em CM, SJ e PB foram respectivamente 281, 245 e 169 kg C ha-1. Os fluxos de evasão de CO2 variaram de 3,39 a 75,35 μmol m-2 s-1, com média de 22,70 ± 1,67 μmol m-2 s-1. Essa evasão de CO2 por unidade de área foi similar aos maiores fluxos de evasão medidos nos principais rios amazônicos, confirmando assim nossa hipótese de que nos pequenos igarapés podem ocorrer valores substanciais de evasão de CO2. Como a floresta secundária é abundante nessa região, em decorrência da prática da agricultura familiar, concluímos que essa vegetação pode ser o fator determinante da ciclagem abundante de carbono. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1980-993X. DOI:10.4136/ambi-agua.2040 (ID_PAT: 20693) |
| Palavras-chave: | Amazon basin; Biogeochemistry; Carbon dioxide evasion.
Bacia Amazônica; Biogeoquímica; Evasão de dióxido de carbono. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.15.02.001.06.05 |
| Descrição: | OTTONI, J. R.; CABRAL, L.; SOUSA, S. T. P. de; LACERDA JÚNIOR, G. V.; DOMINGOS, D. F.; SOARES JUNIOR, F. L.; SILVA, M. C. P. da; MARCON, J.; DIAS, A. C. F.; MELO, I. S. de; SOUZA, A. P. de; ANDREOTE, F. D. Functional metagenomics of oil-impacted mangrove sediments reveals high abundance of hydrolases of biotechnological interest. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, v. 33, n. 7, p. 1-13, 2017. Article 141. |
| Parceria/partes: | ESALQ - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, |
| Peso: | A2 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Mangroves are located in coastal wetlands and are susceptible to the consequences of oil spills, what may threaten the diversity of microorganisms responsible for the nutrient cycling and the consequent ecosystem functioning. Previous reports show that high concentration of oil favors the incidence of epoxide hydrolases and haloalkane dehal- ogenases in mangroves. This finding has guided the goals of this study in an attempt to broaden the analysis to other hydrolases and thereby verify whether oil contamination interferes with the prevalence of particular hydrolases and their assigned microorganisms. For this, an in-depth survey of the taxonomic and functional microbial diversity recov- ered in a fosmid library (Library_Oil Mgv) constructed from oil-impacted Brazilian mangrove sediment was car- ried out. Fosmid DNA of the whole library was extracted and submitted to Illumina HiSeq sequencing. The resulting Library Oil_Mgv dataset was further compared with those obtained by direct sequencing of environmental DNA from Brazilian mangroves (from distinct regions and affected by distinct sources of contamination), focusing on hydro- lases with potential use in biotechnological processes. The most abundant hydrolases found were proteases, esterases and amylases, with similar occurrence profile in all data- sets. The main microbial groups harboring such hydrolase- encoding genes were distinct in each mangrove, and in the fosmid library these enzymes were mainly assigned to Chloroflexaceae (for amylases), Planctomycetaceae (for esterases) and Bradyrhizobiaceae (for proteases). Assem- bly and analysis of Library_Oil Mgv reads revealed three potentially novel enzymes, one epoxide hydrolase, one xylanase and one amylase, to be further investigated via heterologous expression assays. |
| Observaçao: | Demais autores: OLIVEIRA, V. M. de (13º). ISSN: 0959-3993 (print), 1573-0972 (electronic version). DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2307-5 (ID_PAT: 21578) |
| Palavras-chave: | Bioprospecting; Fosmid library; Hydrolases; Mangroves; Microbial diversity. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.17.02.001.03.07 |
| Descrição: | MICHEL, D. C.; PASSOS, S. R.; ARAUJO, J. L. S. de; BARAÚNA, A. C.; SILVA, K. da; PARMA, M. M.; MELO, I. S. de; DE MEYER, S. E.; O’HARA, G.; ZILLI, J. E. Bradyrhizobium centrolobii and Bradyrhizobium macuxiense sp. nov. isolated from Centrolobium paraense grown in soil of Amazonia, Brazil. Archives of Microbiology, v. 199, n. 5, p. 675-664, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Agrobiologia (CNPAB), Embrapa Roraima (CPAF-Roraima), UFRRJ - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Murdoch University, |
| Peso: | A2 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Thirteen Gram-negative, aerobic, motile with polar flagella, rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from root nodules of Centrolobium paraense Tul. grown in soils from the Amazon region of Brazil. Growth of strains was observed at temperature range 20–36 °C (optimal 28 °C), pH ranges 5–11 (optimal 6.0–7.0), and 0.1–0.5%NaCl (optimal 0.1–0.3%). Analysis of 16S rRNA gene placed the strains into two groups within Bradyrhizobium. Closest neighbouring species (98.8%) for group I was B. neotropicale while for group II were 12 species with more than 99% of similarity. Multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) with dnaK, glnII, recA, and rpoB confirmed B. neotropicale BR 10247T as the closest type strain for the group I and B. elkanii USDA 76T and B. pachyrhizi PAC 48T for group II. Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) differentiated group I from the B. neotropicale BR 10247T (79.6%) and group II from B. elkanii USDA 76T and B. pachyrhizi PAC 48T (88.1% and 87.9%, respectively). Fatty acid profiles [majority C16:0 and Summed feature 8 (18:1ω6c/18:1ω7c) for both groups], DNA G + C content, and carbon compound utilization supported the placement of the novel strains in the genus Bradyrhizobium. Gene nodC and nifH of the new strains have in general low similarity with other Bradyrhizobium species. Both groups nodulated plants from the tribes Crotalarieae, Dalbergiae, Genisteae, and Phaseoleae. Based on the presented data, two novel species which the names Bradyrhizobium centrolobii and Bradyrhizobium macuxiense are proposed, with BR 10245T (=HAMBI 3597T) and BR 10303T (=HAMBI 3602T) as the respective-type strains. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0302-8933 (print), 1432-072X (online). DOI: 10.1007/s00203-017-1340-y (ID_PAT: 20633) |
| Palavras-chave: | Bradyrhizobium centrolobii and Bradyrhizobium macuxiense; Legumes; Nodulation; Biological nitrogen fixation. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.17.02.001.03.07 |
| Descrição: | SOUZA, D. T.; SILVA, F. S. P. da; SILVA, L. J. da; CREVELIN, E. J.; MORAES, L. A. B.; ZUCCHI, T. D.; MELO, I. S. de Saccharopolyspora spongiae sp nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from the marine sponge Scopalina ruetzleri (Wiedenmayer, 1977). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, v. 67, n. 6, p. 2019-2015, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | ESALQ - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Agrivalle Biotecnologia Agrícola, |
| Peso: | A2 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: A novel marine actinomycete, designated strain CMAA 1452T, was isolated from the sponge Scopalina ruetzleri collected from Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, in Brazil, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. The organism formed a distinct phyletic line in the Saccharopolyspora 16S rRNA gene tree and had chemotaxonomic and morphological properties consistent with its classification in this genus. It was found to be closely related to Saccharopolyspora dendranthemae KLBMP 1305T (99.5% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and shared similarities of 99.3, 99.2 and 99.0 % with ? Saccharopolyspora endophytica? YIM 61095, Saccharopolyspora tripterygii YIM 65359T and ? Saccharopolyspora pathumthaniensis? S582, respectively. DNA?DNA relatedness values between the isolate and its closest phylogenetic neighbours, namely S. dendranthemae KLBMP 1305T, ? S. endophytica ? YIM 61095 and S. tripterygii YIM 65359T, were 53.5, 25.8 and 53.2 %, respectively. Strain CMAA 1452T was also distinguished from the type strains of these species using a range of phenotypic features. On the basis of these results, it is proposed that strain CMAA 1452T (=DSM 103218T=NRRL B-65384T) merits recognition as the type strain of a novel Saccharopolyspora species, Saccharopolyspora spongiae sp. nov. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1466-5026 (print), 1466-5034 (online). DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001912 (ID_PAT: 21586) |
| Palavras-chave: | Polyphasic taxonomy; Actinomycetes; Saccharopolyspora spongiae sp. nov.; Marine sponge. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.17.02.001.03.07 |
| Descrição: | MATOS, G. F. de; ZILLI, J. E.; ARAUJO, J. L. S. de; PARMA, M. M.; MELO, I. S. de; RADL, V.; BALDANI, J. I.; ROUWS, L. F. M. Bradyrhizobium sacchari sp. nov., a legume nodulating bacterium isolated from sugarcane roots. Archives of Microbiology, v. 199, n. 9, p. 1251-1258, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Agrobiologia (CNPAB), UFRRJ - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, |
| Peso: | A2 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Members of the genus Bradyrhizobium are well-known as nitrogen-fixing microsymbionts of a wide variety of leguminous species, but they have also been found in different environments, notably as endophytes in non-legumes such as sugarcane. This study presents a detailed polyphasic characterization of four Bradyrhizobium strains (type strain BR 10280T), previously isolated from roots of sugarcane in Brazil. 16S rRNA sequence analysis, multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) and analysis of the 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer showed that these strains form a novel clade close to, but different from B. huanghuaihaiense strain CCBAU 23303T. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) analyses confirmed that BR 10280T represents a novel species. Phylogenetic analysis based on nodC gene sequences also placed the strains close to CCBAU 23303T, but different from this latter strain, the sugarcane strains did not nodulate soybean, although they effectively nodulated Vigna unguiculata, Cajanus cajan and Macroptilium atropurpureum. Physiological traits are in agreement with the placement of the strains in the genus Bradyrhizobium as a novel species for which the name Bradyrhizobium sacchari sp. nov. is proposed. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0302-8933. DOI: 10.1007/s00203-017-1398-6 (ID_PAT: 21244) |
| Palavras-chave: | Non-legumes; Biological nitrogen fixation; Free-living nitrogen fixation; Multilocus sequence analysis; Average nucleotide identity. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.17.02.001.03.07 |
| Descrição: | MENEZES, C. B. A.; AFONSO, R. S.; SOUZA, W. R.; PARMA, M. M.; MELO, I. S. de; ZUCCHI, T. D.; FANTINATTI-GARBOGGINI, F. Williamsia spongiae sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from the marine sponge Amphimedon viridis. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, v. 67, n. 5, p. 1260-1265, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | CPQBA/Unicamp, Paulinia/SP, UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Agrivalle Biotecnologia Agrícola, |
| Peso: | A2 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: A novel actinobacterium, designated isolate B138T, was isolated from the marine sponge, Amphimedon viridis, which was collected from Praia Guaecá (São Paulo, Brazil), and its taxonomic position was established using data from a polyphasic study. The organism showed a combination of chemotaxonomic and morphological characteristics consistent with its classification in the genus Williamsia and it formed a distinct phyletic line in the Williamsia 16S rRNA gene tree. It was most closely related to Williamsia serinedens DSM 45037T and Williamsia deligens DSM 44902T (99.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Williamsia maris DSM 44693T (97.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), but was distinguished readily from these strains by the low DNA–DNA relatedness values (62.3–64.4 %) and by the discriminatory phenotypic properties. Based on the data obtained, the isolate B138T (=CBMAI 1094T=DSM 46676T) should be classified as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Williamsia , for which the name Williamsia spongiae sp. nov. is proposed. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1466-5026 (print), 1466-5034 (online). DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001796 (ID_PAT: 21588) |
| Palavras-chave: | Marine sponge; Polyphasic taxonomy; São Paulo state; Williamsia spongiae. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.17.02.001.03.07 |
| Descrição: | SILVA, L. J. da; SOUZA, D. T.; GENUÁRIO, D. B.; VARGAS HOYOS, H. A.; SANTOS, S. N.; ROSA, L. H.; ZUCCHI, T. D.; MELO, I. S. de Rhodococcus psychrotolerans sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere of Deschampsia antarctica. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, v. 111, n. 4, p. 629-636, 2018. |
| Parceria/partes: | ESALQ - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Agrivalle Biotecnologia Agrícola, UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, |
| Peso: | A2 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: A novel actinobacterium, designated strain CMAA 1533T, was isolated from the rhizosphere of Deschampsia antarctica collected at King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Strain CMAA 1533T was found to grow over a wide range of temperatures (4–28 °C) and pH (4–10). Macroscopically, the colonies were observed to be circular shaped, smooth, brittle and opaque-cream on most of the culture media tested. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain CMAA 1533T belongs to the family Nocardiaceae and forms a distinct phyletic line within the genus Rhodococcus. Sequence similarity calculations indicated that the novel strain is closely related to Rhodococcus degradans CCM 4446T, Rhodococcus erythropolis NBRC 15567T and Rhodococcus triatomae DSM 44892T (≤ 96.9%). The organism was found to contain meso-diaminopimelic acid, galactose and arabinose in whole cell hydrolysates. Its predominant isoprenologue was identified as MK-8(H2) and the polar lipids as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. The major fatty acids were identified as Summed feature (C16:1 ω6c and/or C16:1 ω7c), C16:0, C18:1 ω9c and 10-methyl C18:0. The G+C content of genomic DNA was determined to be 65.5 mol%. Unlike the closely related type strains, CMAA 1533T can grow at 4 °C but not at 37 °C and was able to utilise adonitol and galactose as sole carbon sources. Based on phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and physiological data, it is concluded that strain CMAA 1533T (= NRRL B-65465T = DSM 104532T) represents a new species of the genus Rhodococcus, for which the name Rhodococcus psychrotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0003-6072 (print), 1572-9699 (online). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-017-0983-7 (ID_PAT: 21591) |
| Palavras-chave: | Antarctic actinomycetes; CMAA 1533T; Polyphasic approach; Taxonomy. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.11.07.022.00.05 |
| Descrição: | PITOMBO, L. M.; CANTARELLA, H.; PACKER, A. P. ; RAMOS, N. P.; CARMO, J. B. do Straw preservation reduced total N2O emissions from a sugarcane field. Soil Use and Management, v. 33, n. 4, p. 583-594, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | IAC - Instituto Agronômico, UFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos - campus São Carlos, |
| Peso: | A2 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Post-harvest biomass can be used as feedstock for energy production and alter N2O emissions from the soil, which is among the main issues determining bioethanol sustainability. To assess the effects of sugarcane straw return on gas emissions, we established a field experiment in which 0, 50, 75 or 100% (0, 5.65, 8.47 and 11.30 Mg/ha dry biomass, respectively) of the crop residues (straw) was left in the field during the first two ratoon crops. As fertilizer is applied in bands to sugarcane, we also investigated the contribution of different positions to the N2O emissions within the field. There was an interactive effect between straw and inorganic fertilizer, leading to a nonlinear effect of crop residues on the fertilizer emission factor (EF). However, straw consistently reduced N2O emissions from the field, acting mainly in the unfertilized areas in the field (P < 0.05). We observed that considering the typical EF used in the literature, the N2O-N emissions attributed to fertilizer ranged from 0.19 to 0.79 kg/ha, while the total emissions ranged from 3.3 to 5.2 kg/ha, from the highest amount of straw to the lowest. We conclude that overall, the fertilizer EF is not as relevant as the total emissions, based on this and other studies. Consequently, management practices might be more effective in improving the GHG balance than changing inorganic fertilizer use. We conclude that keeping up to 11 Mg/ha of straw with a large C:N ratio (>100:1) on site might increase sugarcane production sustainability by reducing the greenhouse gas emissions from the field. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0266-0032 (print), 1475-2743 (online). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sum.12384 (ID_PAT: 21073) |
| Palavras-chave: | Nitrogen; Soil; Bioenergy; Sustainability. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.14.21.002.00.05 |
| Descrição: | CRUZ, P. P. N. da; GREEN, T. R.; FIGUEIREDO, R. de O.; PEREIRA, A. S.; KIPKA, H.; SAAD, S. I.; SILVA, J. M. da; GOMES, M. A. F. Hydrological modeling of the Ribeirão das Posses – an assessment based on the Agricultural Ecosystem Services (AgES) watershed model. Ambiente e Água - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science, Taubaté, v. 12, n. 3, p. 351-364, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Colorado State University (CSU), USDA - United States Department of Agriculture, |
| Peso: | A2 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Southeastern Brazil has recently experienced drought conditions that have impacted watershed conservation and the management of water quality and quantity for agricultural and urban demands. The Ribeirão das Posses watershed is being monitored as a headwater of the Jaguarí River, which is one of the contributing rivers of the Cantareira Reservoir Complex in the state of São Paulo. The landscape has changed over the last century from native forests to more homogeneous vegetation for pastures, crops and some forest plantations of eucalyptus, which have cumulative impacts on water yield and quality. Currently, the Projeto Conservador das Águas (Water Conservationist Project) has planted small areas with native species vegetation in order to recover degraded areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quantity of water in the Ribeirão das Posses Basin by both measurements and by simulating hydrological responses. The Agricultural Ecosystem Services (AgES) watershed model was applied to simulate water movement and storage among land areas. The simulation period was from 2009 to 2014, because the daily streamflow and meteorological data were available for model calibration and testing. We discuss data input requirements, model calibration to fit measured streamflow, and sensitivity to spatially variable rainfall inputs. The calibrated model may be used to estimate streamflow during periods of missing data, and in the future to estimate impacts of land use changes on stream water quantity and quality. Such information can be used in programs of payments for ecosystem services. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1980-993X. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2073 (ID_PAT: 20572) |
| Palavras-chave: | Climate; Ecosystem services; Hydrology; Water conservation; Watershed model. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.15.07.001.00.02 |
| Descrição: | CAVALETT, A.; SILVA, M. A. C. da; TOYOFUKU, T.; MENDES, R.; TAKETANI, R. G.; PEDRINI, J.; FREITAS, R. C. de; SUMIDA, P. Y. G.; YAMANAKA, T.; NAGANO, Y.; PELLIZARI, V. H.; ALVAREZ PEREZ, J. A. Dominance of Epsilonproteobacteria associated with a whale fall at a 4204 m depth – South Atlantic Ocean. Deep Sea Research Part II, v. 146, p. 53-58, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Univali - Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, JAMSTEC - Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Okayama University, |
| Peso: | A2 |
| Conteúdo: | The deep ocean is the largest marine environment on Earth and is home to a large reservoir of biodiversity. Within the deep ocean, large organic falls attract a suite of metazoans and microorganisms, which form an important community that, in part, relies on reduced chemical compounds. Here, we describe a deep-sea (4204 m) microbial community associated with sediments collected underneath a whale fall skeleton in the South Atlantic Ocean. Metagenomic analysis of 1 Gb of Illumina HiSeq. 2000 reads, including taxonomic and functional genes, was performed by using the MG-RAST pipeline, SEED, COG and the KEGG database. The results showed that Proteobacteria (79%) was the main phylum represented. The most dominant bacterial class in this phylum was Epsilonproteobacteria (69%), and Sulfurovum sp. NBC37-1 (97%) was the dominant species. Different species of Epsilonproteobacteria have been described in marine and terrestrial environments as important organisms for nutrient cycling. Functional analysis revealed key genes for nitrogen and sulfur cycles, including protein sequences for Sox system (sulfur oxidation) enzymes. These enzymes were mainly those of the Epsilonproteobacteria, indicating their importance for nitrogen and sulfur cycles and the balance of nutrients in this environment. |
| Observaçao: | Demais autores: KITAZATO, H. (13°); LIMA, A. O. de S. (14°). ISSN: 0967-0645. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.012 (ID_PAT: 21329) |
| Palavras-chave: | Deep sea; Metagenomics; Marine bacteria. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 03.13.06.006.00.01 |
| Descrição: | TERAO, D.; NECHET, K. de L.; HALFELD-VIEIRA, B. A. Competitive and colony layer formation ability as key mechanisms by yeasts for the control Botryosphaeria dothidea fruit rot of mango. Tropical Plant Pathology, Brasília, v. 42, n. 6, p. 451-457, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | |
| Peso: | A2 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Mango is an economically important fruit crop in Brazil and attacked by fungal diseases that require control. Currently, ensuring that fruit are free of pesticide residues before consumption is a key challenge in postharvest pathology. The fungus Botryosphaeria dothidea is the major pathogen and there is currently no efficient method for its control. This work aimed to evaluate the efficacy of yeast strains and the mechanisms involved in the biocontrol of mango rot caused by B. dothidea. The ability of seven yeast strains to control mango rot was compared to thiabendazole fungicide (485 g ai 100 L−1). The modes of action involved in biocontrol were investigated by electron microscopy observations, as well bioassays for the production of inhibitory volatile compounds, chitinases, killer toxins and competition for nutrients and yeast colony layer interference. Strains of Candida membranifaciens and Meyerozyma guilliermondii reduced the severity of mango rot during 11-day storage period. Among them, C. membranifaciens (CMAA 1108) showed highest efficacy when compared to fungicide-treated fruit. No strains produced inhibitory substances against B. dothidea. Electron microscopy revealed an effective colonization by yeasts in the wounds. It is suggested that competition, as well as the establishment of a yeast colony layer after colonization, plays an important role in the reduction of mango fruit rot severity. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1982-5676 (print), 1983-2052 (online). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-017-0183-z (ID_PAT: 20959) |
| Palavras-chave: | Biological control; Mechanism of action; Nutrient competition; Postharvest pathology. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 16.00.2.50.01.16 |
| Descrição: | ANGELOTTI, F.; HAMADA, E.; MAGALHÃES, E. E.; GHINI, R.; GARRIDO, L. R.; PEDRO JÚNIOR, M. J. Climate change and the occurrence of downy mildew in Brazilian grapevines. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, DF, v. 52, n. 6, p.424-432, jun. 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Semiárido (CPATSA), Embrapa Uva e Vinho (CNPUV), IAC - Instituto Agronômico, |
| Peso: | A2 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential impact of climate change on the occurrence of grapevine downy mildew in Brazil. Seedlings containing four to six leaves were sprayed with a sporangia suspension containing 10 Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial impacto das mudanças climáticas na ocorrência do míldio da videira no Brasil. Mudas com quatro a seis folhas foram pulverizadas com uma suspensão de esporângios de 10 |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0100-204X (impressa), 1678-3921 (online). DOI: 10.1590/S0100-204X2017000600006 Projeto para cadastro Ainfo: 01.07.06.002.05.05 (vigência: 01/2009 a 12/2012) (ID_PAT: 20708) |
| Palavras-chave: | Plasmopara viticola; Vitis; Air temperature; Geographical information system.
Plasmopara viticola; Vitis; Temperatura do ar; Sistema de informações geográficas. |
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| Plano de Ação: | ..... |
| Descrição: | CONCEIÇÃO, J. L. A.; ANGELOTTI, F.; PEIXOTO, A. R.; GHINI, R. Infection by Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola under temperature increase and carbon dioxide concentrations. Comunicata Scientiae, v. 8, n. 2, p. 214-220, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Semiárido (CPATSA), UNEB - Universidade Estadual da Bahia (Juazeiro), |
| Peso: | B1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: The experiments were carried out under controlled conditions to evaluate the impact of increased temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide on infection of Xanthomonas campestris pv viticola, the causal agent of bacterial canker in Vine seedlings. It proceeded the evaluation of the following epidemiological components: incubation period (PI), severity (SEV) and using that data were calculated the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). It used grape seedlings (Italia, Crimson Seedless, Sugraone and Selection 8) inoculated with bacterial suspension (108 CFU mL-1). The experimental design was completely randomized, factorial arrangement 4x4 (cultivar x temperature) and 4x2 (cultivar x carbon dioxide concentration) which was carried out twice. The data were subjected to variance analysis. Increasing temperature reduced bacterium’s incubation period with significant differences between genotypes. For Selection 8 and Crimson temperature increase caused enhancement on severity and AUDPC. For Seleção 8 the incubation period (PI) was extended from 7.93 to 30.18 days when the concentration changed from 390 to 770 μmol/mol. The increased CO2 concentration reduced AACPSD and SEV for Sugraone and Selection 8. The results show that the temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration of the air may have different effects on bacterial canker of grapevine. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 2176-9079 (print), e-ISSN: 2177-5133. DOI: 10.14295/CS.v8i2.1779 Pendência: PA SEG associado. (ID_PAT: 21617) |
| Palavras-chave: | Bacterial canker; Climate change; Vitis vinifera. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.12.01.001.05.02 |
| Descrição: | GONDIM, R. S.; EVANGELISTA, S. R. M.; MAIA, A. de H. N.; DUARTE, A. de S. Climate change impacts on water demand of melon plants in Jaguaribe-Apodi Region, Brazil. Engenharia Agrícola, v. 37, n. 3, p. 591-602, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | **(DENOMINAÇÃO ALTERADA) Embrapa Informática Agropecuária (CNPTIA), Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical (CNPAT), |
| Peso: | B1 |
| Conteúdo: | The aim of this study was to evaluate the impacts of climate change on irrigation water demand of melon plants grown in Jaguaribe-Apodi Irrigation District (DIJA), which is located between the states of Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte, in Northeastern Brazil. Future scenarios were developed using the Eta-CPTEC/HadCM3 climate change projections, after being submitted to downscaling method. We used a set of climate data from the same model for the period of 1961 through 1990, and further projections after bias correction. Local geographic coordinates were interpolated using GIS techniques. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was estimated from the monthly minimum and maximum mean temperatures, using a limited data method. The rainfall, temperature, ETo, and water demand future projections were mapped for the area of investigation to analyze spatial variability. ETA model simulations for climatic change showed growth in irrigation water demands due to evapotranspiration increase (from 28.4% to 33.4%), even though rainfall increases (between 61.9% and 89.9%). The increase in the average gross water demand is varied from 37.5% to 78.2% within the period of 2031 to 2060, respective to the common planting season. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0100-6916 (impresso), 1808-4389 (CD-ROM), 1809-4430 (online). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v37n3p591-602/2017 (ID_PAT: 21053) |
| Palavras-chave: | Evapotranspiration; GIS techniques; Irrigation; Cucumis melo L.. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.11.07.022.00.03 |
| Descrição: | YAMAGUCHI, C. S.; RAMOS, N. P.; CARVALHO, C. S.; PIRES, A. M. M.; ANDRADE, C. A. de Sugarcane straw decomposition and carbon balance as a function of initial biomass and vinasse addition to soil surface. Bragantia, v. 76, n. 1, p. 135-144, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | IAC - Instituto Agronômico, |
| Peso: | B1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate sugarcane straw decomposition and the potential of increasing soil carbon as a function of the initial biomass and vinasse addition to soil surface. The experimente consisted of incubation (240 days, in the dark, humidity equivalent to 70% of soil water retention capacity and average temperature of 28 °C) of Oxisol soil samples (0-20 cm soil layer) with straw added to soil surface at rates of 2; 4; 8; 16 and 24 t.ha-1 and with or without vinasse addition (200 m3.ha-1). The following variables were determined: released C-CO2, remaining straw dry matter, carbon straw and soil carbon concentration. The added biomass did not influence straw decomposition rate, but vinasse treatments provided rates between 70 and 94% compared to 68 to 75% for the ones without vinasse. The straw (16 and 24 t.ha-1) decomposition rate increased between 14 and 35% due to vinasse addition, but the same behavior was not observed for released C-CO2. This result was explained by the twofold increase of soil carbon concentration, estimated by mass balance and confirmed analytically by the carbon concentration of soil samples. It was concluded that sugarcane straw decomposition, under no limiting conditions of humidity and temperature, did not depend on biomass initially added and that vinasse addition accelerated straw decomposition and potentialized carbon input into the soil.
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a decomposição da palha de cana-de-açúcar e o potencial para incremento de carbono no solo em função da biomassa inicialmente aportada e do uso de vinhaça. O experimento consistiu de incubação (240 dias, no escuro, umidade de 70% da capacidade de retenção de água do solo e temperatura média de 28 °C) de quantidades de palha equivalentes a 2; 4; 8; 16 e 24 t∙ha−1, com ou sem aplicação de vinhaça (200m3∙ha-1), na superfície de amostras (camada 0-20 cm) de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo.. Determinaram-se C-CO2 liberado, massa seca de palha remanescente, carbono remanescente na palha e teor de carbono no solo. A taxa de decomposição da palha não foi influenciada pela biomassa aportada inicialmente, mas, na presença de vinhaça, os valores ficaram entre 70 e 94%, enquanto que, nos tratamentos sem vinhaça, esses valores foram de 68 a 75%. O incremento variou entre 14 e 35% na taxa de decomposição da palha (16 e 24 t∙ha−1) devido à aplicação de vinhaça, porém não foi acompanhado pelo C-CO2 liberado, o que foi explicado pela duplicação do teor de carbono no solo, estimado por meio de balanço de massa e confirmado analiticamente pelos teores de carbono nas amostras de solo. Conclui-se que a decomposição da palha de cana-de-açúcar, sob condições não limitantes de umidade e temperatura, independeu da biomassa aportada inicialmente sobre o solo e que a aplicação de vinhaça acelerou a decomposição da palha e potencializou a entrada de carbono no solo. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0006-8705 (print), 1678-4499(online). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.580 Nota: Artigo publicado em edição bilíngue inglês e português em textos separados. Título da versão em português: Decomposição da palha de cana-de-açúcar e balanço de carbono em função da massa inicialmente aportada sobre o solo e da aplicação de vinhaça. (ID_PAT: 21090) |
| Palavras-chave: | Carbon mineralization; Nitrogen; Waste.
Mineralização do carbono; Nitrogênio; Resíduo. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.11.07.025.00.04 |
| Descrição: | CUNHA, J. P. A. R. da; BARIZON, R. R. M.; FERRACINI, V. L.; ASSALIN, M. R.; ANTUNIASSI, U. R. Spray drift and pest control from aerial applications on soybeans. Engenharia Agrícola, Jaboticabal, v. 37, n. 3, p. 493-501, maio/junho 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, |
| Peso: | B1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Pesticide drift is an issue in modern farming, mainly for crops under constant spraying as soybeans. This study aimed at assessing drift and pest control for aerial applications in soybean crops. Hydraulic nozzles and rotary atomizers, regulated to a wide spectrum of droplet sizes, sprayed thiamethoxam plus lambda-cyhalothrin using an agricultural aircraft Ipanema 202A at volume rate of 20 L ha−1. Treatments consisted of testing two devices: a rotary cage atomizer (Micronair AU 5000) with blade angles of 65° for larger droplets, and with angle of 55° for smaller ones; and a set of adjustable nozzles (Stol model) with deflector angle of 90° for smaller droplets, and with angle of 30° for larger ones. Drift was evaluated through quantification of active ingredient, by means of liquid chromatography, on nylon strings set 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 m downwind from the applied area. Control efficiency was measured by counting caterpillars and stinkbugs found five days after spray. Rotary atomizers produced lesser drift compared to adjustable nozzles at the designed setting. Furthermore, drift can be reduced through a suitable regulation of the devices, keeping an effective pest control. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0100-6916 (print), 1809-4430 (online). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v37n3p493-501/2017 (ID_PAT: 20660) |
| Palavras-chave: | Agricultural aviation; Crop protection; Exodrift; Glycine max. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.11.07.025.00.04 |
| Descrição: | CUNHA, J. P. A. R. da; BARIZON, R. R. M.; FERRACINI, V. L.; ASSALIN, M. R. Spray drift and caterpillar and stink bug control from aerial applications with electrostatic charge and atomizer on soybean crop. Engenharia Agrícola, v. 37, n. 6, p. 1163-1170, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, |
| Peso: | B1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: The use of aerial application with electrostatic charge is an alternative to improve the quality of insecticide applications in soybean crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the drift and chemical control of the caterpillar and stink bug complex promoted by aerial applications of insecticide in the soybean crop, using electrostatic spray system and rotary atomizers. The insecticide Thiamethoxam + Lambda cyhalothrin was applied with a Cessna 188 Ag Truck agricultural aircraft in two treatments: SPE® electrostatic system, with 54 SPE-5 nozzles and 10 L ha-1 application rate, and Travicar model® 05165 rotary atomizer, with 55° angle blades and application rate of 20 L ha-1. Drift was evaluated through quantification of active ingredient, by means of liquid chromatography, on nylon strings set 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 m downwind from the applied area. Control efficiency was measured by counting caterpillars and stink bugs found five days after application. The droplet spectrum was also evaluated through water sensitive papers placed in the target area. It was verified that the hydraulic nozzles, associated with the electrostatic system, generated lower drift, but there was no difference in pest control efficiency, in relation to the rotary atomizers. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0100-6916 (print), 1809-4430 (online). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430 (ID_PAT: 21171) |
| Palavras-chave: | Agricultural aviation; Application technology; Exodrift; Glycine max. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.14.11.004.00.05 |
| Descrição: | NECHET, K. de L.; VILELA, E. S. D.; HECK, D. W.; TERAO, D.; HALFELD-VIEIRA, B. A. Effect of increased UV-B radiation on biological control of the gray mold by Clonostachys rosea and on the expression of strawberry defense-related enzymes. Australasian Plant Pathology, v. 46, n. 2, p. 107–113, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, |
| Peso: | B1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Changes in UV-B radiation can have large effects on the management of the pathogen Botrytis cinerea, especially on strawberry production in Brazil. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of the increased UV-B radiation on biological control of gray mold by Clonostachys rosea and on the expression of plant defense-related enzymes. The experiments were laid out in randomized complete blocks in a split-plot design. The whole-plot factor was represented by UV-B treatments: 1. ambient solar UV; 2. ambient solar UV reduced by 80% (UV-); 3 ambient solar UV supplemented with UV-B lamps (UV+). The split-plot factors were: 1. plants sprayed with water (control); 2. plants exposed to B. cinerea; 3 plants sprayed weekly with an inoculum suspension of C. rosea and exposed to B. cinerea. The latent infection of B. cinerea was evaluated during five weeks per season, after which leaves were collected to assess the peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and chitinase activities. No significant effect on B. cinerea incidence for irradiation treatments were observed during both seasons, although C. rosea treatments have been able to control gray mold on fruits. The enzymatic activity was related to the ambient condition, not to the exposure of the plants to these micro-organisms. Only UV+ conditions led to an increase of polyphenoloxidase activity in season 2. The results indicate that the increase of UV-B radiation has no influence on the ability of C. rosae to control the gray mold on strawberry. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0815-3191 (print), 1448-6032 (online). DOI: 10.1007/s13313-017-0467-2 (ID_PAT: 20602) |
| Palavras-chave: | Fragaria x ananassa; Botrytis cinerea; Protein; Peroxidase; Chitinase; Polyphenoloxidase. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 03.13.09.014.00.04 |
| Descrição: | HISANO, H.; SANCHEZ, M. S. dos S.; NASCIMENTO, M. S. Citric acid as a feed additive in pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) diets. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 33, n. 3, p. 478-484, 2017 |
| Parceria/partes: | UNIOESTE - Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Universidade Nilton Lins, |
| Peso: | B1 |
| Conteúdo: | Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate citric acid (0.0, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0%) in isonitrogenous (23% of digestible protein) and isoenergetic (13.38 MJ of digestible energy/kg) pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) diets. A 90- day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the growth performance, haematological parameters and pH of the diets, stomach and gut, somatic indices, nitrogen retention and body composition of pacu juveniles. Fish (n = 160, 12.53 ± 0.17g) were distributed in 16 aquaria (300- L) with a recirculating water system (4 L/min) and controlled temperature (25.26 ± 0.47°C) in an experimental design completely randomized with four treatments and four replicates. Posteriorly, apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) were assessed with pacu (n = 96, 80.35 ± 5.12 g) fed experimental diets including 0.1% chromium oxide III. Diet pH decreased (p < .05) with graded levels of citric acid to reduce pH in the stomach and gut. Pacu fed with 2.0% citric acid showed superior (p < .05) final weight at 30 days, compared to control; however, this did not differ by 60 and 90 days where was no difference (p > .05) in the haematology, somatic indices, body composition, or digestibility among treatments. The data showed that dietary citric acid improved the growth of pacu at 30 days, but had no long- term effects on the digestibility of nutrients or the availability of P or Ca in the experimental diets. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0175-8659 (print), 1439-0426 (online). DOI:10.1111/jai.13289 (ID_PAT: 20667) |
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| Plano de Ação: | 03.13.09.014.00.04 |
| Descrição: | RODRIGUES, R. A.; NUNES, C. da S.; FANTINI, L. E.; KASAI, R. Y. D.; OLIVEIRA, C. A. L.; HISANO, H.; CAMPOS, C. M. de Dietary ascorbic acid influences the intestinal morphology and hematology of hybrid sorubim catfish (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum × P. corruscans). Aquaculture International, v. 26, n. 1, p. 1-11, 2018. Erratum to: dietary ascorbic acid influences the intestinal morphology and hematology of hybrid sorubim catfish (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum × P. corruscans). Aquaculture International, v. 26, n. 13, p. 13-14, 2018. DOI 10.1007/s10499-017-0195-1. |
| Parceria/partes: | UEM - Universidade Estadual de Maringá/PR, Piraí Piscicultura, UEMS - Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, UFMS - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, |
| Peso: | B1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: This study evaluated the effect of graded levels of dietary ascorbic acid (AA) (12.47, 20.27, 115.44, 475.50, 737.72, and 850.70 mg kg−1) on growth, hematology, intestinal morphometry, and phagocyte activity of hybrid sorubim Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum × Pseudoplatystoma corruscans. Fish (n = 420, 14.57 ± 2.71 g, 15.11 ± 0.90 cm) were distributed in 30 polyethylene tanks (80 l) (5 replicates per treatment with 14 fish per tank) and fed for 45 days. Dietary treatment did not have a significant effect on growth metrics (P > 0.05). Fish fed 737.72 mg AA kg−1 had a higher villi height (289.80 ± 19.96 μm) (P < 0.05) than fish fed 850.70 mg AA kg−1 (245.4 ± 18.25 μm). Hemoglobin in fish fed 850.70 mg AA kg−1 (5.34 ± 0.96 g dl−1) was higher (P < 0.05) than fish fed 12.47 mg AA kg−1 (3.42 ± 0.55 g dl−1) and 20.27 mg AA kg−1 (3.06 ± 1.26 g dl−1). The erythrocyte number of hybrid sorubim fed 115.40 mg AA kg−1 (1.73 ± 0.27 × 106 μl−1) and 475.50 mg AA kg−1 (1.70 ± 0.28 × 106 μl−1) were higher (P < 0.05) than in those fed diets containing 20.27 mg AA kg−1 (1.11 ± 0.34 × 106 μl−1). There was no significant effect (P > 0.05) of dietary AA on leukocyte and thrombocyte and on phagocyte activity and phagocyte index. Inclusion of AA in feed seems to increase the integrity of the intestinal mucosa and stimulate erythropoiesis in hybrid sorubim catfish. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0967-6120 (print), 1573-143X (online). DOI: 10.1007/s10499-017-0188-0 (original article). (ID_PAT: 21203) |
| Palavras-chave: | Growth metrics; Leukocyte; Villi height; Vitamin C. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 03.13.09.014.00.04 |
| Descrição: | HISANO, H.; SOARES, M. P.; LUIGGI, F. G.; ARENA, A. C. Dietary β-glucans and mannanoligosaccharides improve growth performance and intestinal morphology of juvenile pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg,1887). Aquaculture International, v. 26, n. 1, p. 213-223, 2018. |
| Parceria/partes: | Yessinergy do Brasil Agroindustrial Ltda., UEMS - Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, |
| Peso: | B1 |
| Conteúdo: | The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of increased levels (0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8%) of a combination of β-glucans and mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) in isonitrogenous (23% of digestible protein) and isoenergetic (13.38 MJ of digestible energy kg-1) pacu diets, corresponding to five treatments and four replicates. A 30-day feeding trial was conducted to assess the effects on growth performance, hematological parameters, and intestinal morphology. Fish (n = 160, 30.92 ± 0.46 g) were distributed randomly in 20 aquaria (300 L) with a recirculating water system with controlled temperature (26.20 ± 0.32 °C) and fed four times a day until apparent satiation. A quadratic effect (P < 0.05) was observed for weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER). The hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indexes, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) did not show differences (P > 0.05) among treatments. Pacu fed β-glucans and MOS at 0.1 and 0.2% resulted in the greatest (P < 0.05) villus height and perimeter. The diet containing 0.2% β-glucans and MOS promoted the best growth response, feed efficiency, and intestinal morphology, without detrimental effects on the hematological parameters for juvenile pacu. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0967-6120 (print), 1573-143X (online). DOI: 10.1007/s10499-017-0210-6 (ID_PAT: 21245) |
| Palavras-chave: | Feed additive; Histology; Intestine; Polysaccharides; Prebiotic. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 03.14.10.004.00.02 |
| Descrição: | SOUZA, C. P. C.; ABREU, C. A. de; COSCIONE, A. R. ; ANDRADE, C. A. de; TEIXEIRA, L. A. J.; CONSOLINI, F. A statistical review of alternative zinc and copper extraction from mineral fertilizers and industrial by-products. Journal of AOAC international, v. 101, n. 1, p. 190-195, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | IAC - Instituto Agronômico, MAPA - Ministério da Agricultura e Pecuária, |
| Peso: | B1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Rapid, accurate, and low-cost alternative analytical methods for micronutrient quantification in fertilizers are fundamental in QC. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) content in mineral fertilizers and industrial by-products determined by the alternative methods USEPA 3051a, 10% HCl, and 10% H2SO4 are statistically equivalent to the standard method, consisting of hot-plate digestion using concentrated HCl. The commercially marketed Zn and Cu sources in Brazil consisted of oxides, carbonate, and sulfate fertilizers and by-products consisting of galvanizing ash, galvanizing sludge, brass ash, and brass or scrap slag. The contents of sources ranged from 15 to 82% and 10 to 45%, respectively, for Zn and Cu. The Zn and Cu contents refer to the variation of the elements found in the different sources evaluated with the concentrated HCl method as shown in Table 1. A protocol based on the following criteria was used for the statistical analysis assessment of the methods: F-test modified by Graybill, t-test for the mean error, and linear correlation coefficient analysis. In terms of equivalents, 10% HCl extraction was equivalent to the standard method for Zn, and the results of the USEPA 3051a and 10% HCl methods indicated that these methods were equivalents for Cu. Therefore, these methods can be considered viable alternatives to the standard method of determination for Cu and Zn in mineral fertilizers and industrial by-products in future research for their complete validation. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1060-3271. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.15-0327 (ID_PAT: 21611) |
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| Plano de Ação: | 04.14.07.001.00.04 |
| Descrição: | SPOSITO, E. C.; ABREU, L. S. de Diversidade da produção familiar e da comercialização de produtos orgânicos de Vitória (ES). Redes, v. 22, n. 3, p. 292-315, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, |
| Peso: | B1 |
| Conteúdo: | O artigo apresenta uma análise sobre a comercialização da produção de alimentos orgânicos em Vitória (ES), além da discussão sobre esta temática da pesquisa. O objetivo é entender como e em que condições o mercado valoriza a produção local, fortalece a produção familiar ecológica e a soberania alimentar. A metodologia da pesquisa levou em consideração dados quantitativos e qualitativos. A avaliação mostra que os produtos orgânicos são comercializados por vendas diretas e indiretas. Dentre os canais de comercialização avaliados, foram as feiras livres de produtos orgânicos que apresentaram a maior diversidade de produtos, além do menor preço, valorizando a produção familiar orgânica e promovendo o empoderamento dos produtores e o acesso à alimentação saudável para o consumidor local. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1414-7106. DOI: 10.17058/redes.v22i3.6487 (ID_PAT: 21054) |
| Palavras-chave: | Agricultura orgânica; Agricultura familiar; Agroecologia; Circuitos curtos. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 16.00.2.50.01.16 |
| Descrição: | PENTEADO, A. L. Microbiological safety aspects of mangoes (Mangifera indica) and papayas (Carica papaya): a mini-review. Vigilância Sanitária em Debate: Sociedade, Ciência & Tecnologia, v. 5, n. 2, p. 127-140, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | |
| Peso: | B1 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: This review describes several aspects related to microbiological safety in mangoes and papayas, such as incidence, outbreaks, internalisation and growth/survival of bacterial pathogens. Mangoes and papayas are often served sliced in food establishments in fresh pieces at salad bars, deli counters and as pulp juice. In general, these products do not undergo any process to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms before consumption, and a long shelf life could theoretically provide time for these microorganisms to multiply without affecting the organoleptic qualities of the fruit, thereby increasing the risks of food-borne illness. The data presented in this review show that low temperatures can impede microbial growth, but not completely inhibit such growth in mangoes and papayas. Highest growth rates were observed in the range between 22 and 37oC. In the last 20 years, several outbreaks of salmonellosis caused by these fruits or by food made with these fruits have been reported. The control of the temperature in the fruit washing water is important to prevent the internalisation of Salmonella spp. The implementation of strategies such as Good Agricultural Practices, Good Manufacturing Practices and Hazard Analysis Critical is important, as these methods can eliminate or significantly reduce microbial contamination.
Resumo: Esta revisão descreve diversos aspectos relacionados à segurança microbiológica em manga e mamão papaya como; incidência, surtos, internalização e crescimento/sobrevivência de patógenos acterianos nestas frutas. Mangas e papayas são frequentemente servidas fatiadas em estabelecimentos alimentícios como pedaços frescos, em misturas para saladas, expostas em balcões e como polpas de frutas. No geral, estes produtos não passam por qualquer processo para eliminar microrganismos patogênicos antes do seu consumo e uma vida longa de prateleira poderia teoricamente fornecer tempo para que estes microrganismos se multipliquem sem afetar as qualidades organolépticas destas frutas e assim aumentar o risco de doenças de origem alimentar. Os dados apresentados nesta revisão mostram que baixas temperaturas podem diminuir o crescimento de microrganismos mas não inibi-los em mangas e papayas. Os melhores crescimentos foram observados na faixa de 22–37oC. Nos últimos 20 anos diversos surtos de salmonelose nestas frutas ou produtos feitos com as mesmas foram relatados. O controle da temperatura da água de lavagem de frutas é importante para prevenir a internalização de Salmonella spp. A implementação de estratégias como Boas Práticas Agrícolas, Boas Práticas de Produção e Análise Crítica de Pontos de Controle são importantes já que podem eliminar ou reduzir significantemente a contaminação microbiana. |
| Observaçao: | e-ISSN: 2317-269X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22239/2317-269x.00779 (ID_PAT: 20621) |
| Palavras-chave: | Mango; Papaya; Safety; Pathogens; Bacterium.
Manga; Papaya; Segurança; Patógenos; Bactérias. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 03.12.00.036.00.02 |
| Descrição: | PAIVA, P. P. de; DELCORSO, M. C.; MATHEUS, V. A.; QUEIROZ, S. C. N. de; COLLARES-BUZATO, C. B.; ARANA, S. Acute toxicity of commercial atrazine in Piaractus mesopotamicus: histopathological, ultrastructural, molecular, and genotoxic evaluation. Veterinary World, Wankaner, v. 10, n. 9, p. 1008-1019, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, |
| Peso: | B2 |
| Conteúdo: | The aim of this work was to evaluate the sensitivity of Pacu fingerlings (Piaractus mesopotamicus) by measuring the effects of median lethal concentration (LC50) of atrazine (ATZ - 28.58 mg/L) after acute exposure (up to 96 h). |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0972-8988 (print), 2231-0916 (online). DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.1008-1019 (ID_PAT: 20929) |
| Palavras-chave: | Brazilian ichthyofauna; Kidney lesions; Liver lesions; Micronucleus test; Oxidative stress. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.15.02.001.06.05 |
| Descrição: | SHIOMI, H. F.; FERREIRA. M. V. R.; MELO, I. S. de Bioprospecção de isolados bacterianos para o controle biológico do mofo branco na soja. Scientific Electronic Archives, Sinop, v. 10, n. 2, p. 56-63, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | UFMT - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, |
| Peso: | B3 |
| Conteúdo: | Resumo: A busca por agentes de biocontrole de doenças eficientes na agricultura tem sido alcançada em diversos patossistemas. Nesse trabalho realizou-se experimentos sob condições controladas em laboratório e em casa-de-vegetação, envolvendo o uso das bactérias Bacillus alcalophilus, Bacillus cereus GC subgrupo B, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Yersinia bercovieri e Photorhabdus luminescens-luminescens, provenientes de biofertilizantes à base de esterco bovino e suíno. Os isolados bacterianos foram multiplicados em meio nutriente-ágar (NA) por 48 horas e avaliados quanto à sua eficácia no biocontrole de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum em testes de antagonismo em placas de Petri contendo meio BDA; ou em suspensão aquosa, ajustada em 109 ufc.mL-1, com o auxílio da escala de Mc Farland, para a microbiolização de sementes e para a pulverização da parte aérea de plantas de soja em vasos, totalizando três avaliações. Os isolados BB-4 (Bacillus cereus GC subgrupo B), BS-3 (Photorhabdus luminescens-luminescens), BB-1 (Bacillus alcalophilus) e BB-6 (Yersinia bercovieri) apresentaram eficiência no controle do patógeno nos testes de inibição do crescimento micelial de S. sclerotiorum, com valores entre 31% e 46%. No desenvolvimento da doença em sementes e em plantas de soja, o controle foi superior a 50% e nos mesmos níveis dos tratamentos com os fungicidas tiofanato metílico + fluazinan e tiofanato metílico. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam um potencial de uso desses isolados bacterianos no biocontrole do mofo branco em soja, alternativamente ao uso de fungicidas químicos.
Abstract: The search for efficient biocontrol agents in agriculture has been achieved in several pathosystems. Thus, we carried out experiments under controlled conditions in greenhouse and laboratory, involving the use of bacteria Bacillus alcalophilus, Bacillus cereus GC subgrupo B, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Yersinia bercovieri and Photorhabdus luminescens-luminescens obtained from biofertilizers and bovine and suine manure. The bacterial strains were multiplied in nutrient-agar medium (NA) for 48 hours to evaluate the efficiency in inhibiting the mycelial growth and the development of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in antagonism assays in Petri dishes containing BDA medium; or in aqueous suspension adjusted in 109 ufc.mL-1 by Mac Farland scale, to seeds microbiolization and spraying the aerial parts of soybean plants, totalizing three assays. The bacterial strains BB-4 (Bacillus cereus GC subgrupo B), BS-3 (Photorhabdus luminescens-luminescens), BB-1 (Bacillus alcalophilus) and BB-6 (Yersinia bercovieri) tested were shown to be effective for inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen, with values between 31% and 46%, and disease development in soybean seeds and plants, with values above 50% and the same levels of control treatments with thiophanate methyl + fluazinan and thiophanate methyl. These results demonstrate the presence of promising strains in control of white mold alternatively the use of chemical fungicides. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 2316-9281. Acessível em http://www.seasinop.com.br/revista/index.php?journal=SEA&page=issue&op=view&path%5B%5D=22 (ID_PAT: 21630) |
| Palavras-chave: | Controle alternativo; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; Biocontrole.
Alternative control, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Biocontrol. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.11.07.022.00.03 |
| Descrição: | VIEIRA, R. F.; RAMOS, N. P. Chemical and microbiological properties in soil cultivated with sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum). Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, v. 7, n. 2, p. 109-114, 2018. |
| Parceria/partes: | |
| Peso: | B3 |
| Conteúdo: | The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of chemical parameters and microbiological processes related to the nitrogen (N) cycling in an area cultivated with sugarcane (SC), as compared to the native forest area (NF), considered as the reference. The pH value, the total C (Ctot), N (Ntot) contents, the P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, B and Cu contents, the labile carbon (LC) content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), microbial biomass N (Nmic), potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN) and the urease activity (UA) were determined in soil samples taken at depths of 0-10 and 10-20 cm. Most of the chemical properties were higher in the NF soil at both depths, except for Ctot, Ntot and the total K content, which did not present significant differences between the areas at the deeper level. All microbiological processes were higher in the NF soil and showed positive correlations with the total Cu and B contents, demonstrating the importance of these nutrients in the biological N cycling. The higher values obtained for almost all parameters in the NF soil attest to the need for constant monitoring of areas cultivated with sugarcane in order to avoid the adverse effects of soil degradation. The results obtained between the areas, in relation to N cycling processes also demonstrated the suitability of using them as reliable indicators of soil quality. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 2147-4249 (online). DOI: 10.18393/ejss.342511 (ID_PAT: 21271) |
| Palavras-chave: | N cycling; Urease activity; N immobilization; Mineralizable nitrogen. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.14.14.001.00.01 |
| Descrição: | SANTOS, M. S. dos; KAVAMURA, V. N.; REYNALDO, E. F.; SOUZA, D. T.; SILVA, E. H. F. M. da; MAY, A. Bacterial structure of agricultural soils with high and low yields. Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, v. 8, n. 4, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Milho e Sorgo (CNPMS), ESALQ - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", |
| Peso: | B3 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the structure of bacterial communities at two agricultural fields in Brazil (Paraná (PR) and Bahia (BA) states) with a history of high and low productivity of soybean. 16S rRNA gene amplicons revealed that plots with low yield of grains showed greater bacterial richness than plots with high yield. The phylum Acidobacteria was more abundant in soil samples from PR site. The rhizosphere of plants presented a similar bacterial community for both high and low yield plots. Soil samples from BA showed differences in the diversity between the plots with high and low productivity. The use of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing allowed the assessment of differences between plots with different soybean yields. This might be useful in the future to harness plant microbiomes for increased crop productivity. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 2157-7471. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7471.1000405 (ID_PAT: 21165) |
| Palavras-chave: | 16S rRNA amplicons; Bacterial community; Productivity; Soybean. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.14.14.001.00.01 |
| Descrição: | VIANA, R. da S.; MAY, A.; MATEUS, G. P.; RODRIGUES NETO, A. D.; LOPES, P. R. M. Aspectos tecnológicos de sorgo-sacarino submetido à aplicação de maturadores químicos. Científica, v. 45, n. 3, p. 204-213, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | APTA - Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, |
| Peso: | B3 |
| Conteúdo: | Resumo:O sorgo-sacarino apresentou um crescimento de interesse para cultivo em área de reformas de canaviais associadas a usinas sucroenergéticas em função da possibilidade de produção de etanol, na abertura da safra da cana-de-açúcar, sendo seu ponto de colheita normalmente identificado pela fenologia da planta, após o florescimento da cultura. A antecipação do momento de colheita e a possibilidade de acúmulo de açúcares no colmo, com a utilização de maturadores químicos, podem ser uma alternativa importante para a cultura, como ocorre com a cana-de-açúcar. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os aspectos tecnológicos do sorgo-sacarino quando aplicados diferentes maturadores químicos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2x5, com 4 repetições, constituídos por: duas cultivares de sorgo-sacarino (BRS 508 e BRS 509) e cinco tratamentos com maturadores químicos (C – controle – ausência de maturador; E – etefon (0,7 L ha-1); ET – etiltrinexapac (0,8 L ha-1); G – glifosato (0,4 L ha-1) e S – sulfometurom metil (0,02 kg ha-1). Por ocasião da colheita do sorgo-sacarino, foram realizadas avaliações de sólidos solúveis (Brix do caldo, em %); teor de sacarose no caldo – Pol (%); Açúcares redutores (%); Açúcares redutores totais (%); Fibra (%); Pureza (%), e Açúcar total recuperável (kg t-1). A cultivar BRS 508 apresentou aumento na qualidade tecnológica quando utilizado sulfometurom metil (0,02 kg ha-1), enquanto para a cultivar BRS 509, os ganhos ocorreram quando foi aplicado o etiltrinexapac (0,8 L ha-1) como maturador.
Abstract: The sweet sorghum showed a growth of interest for cultivation in the area of sugarcane fields associated reforms sucroenergéticas plants due to ethanol production possibility at the opening of the harvest of sugarcane, and its point of harvest usually identified by phenology plant, after flowering of culture. The anticipation of the harvest time and the possibility of accumulation of sugars in the stem with the use of chemical ripeners can be an important alternative to the culture, as with sugarcane.This study aimed to evaluate the technological aspects of sweet sorghum when applied different ripeners chemicals. O experimental design was randomized blocks in a 2x5 factorial scheme, with four replications, consisting of: two cultivars of sweet sorghum (BRS 508 and BRS 509) and five treatments with chemical ripeners, C - control - absence of maturing; S - sulfometurom methyl (0.02 kg ha-1); E - ethephon (0.7 L ha-1); G - glyphosate (0.4 L ha-1) and E - trinexapac-ethyl (0.8 L h-1) at the time of application, the products were mixed with 0.5% mineral oil for better adhesion on the sheet. During the harvest of sweet sorghum were made the following assessments: soluble solids Brix (% juice); sucrose content of the juice - Pol (% juice ); Reducing sugars; total reducing sugars ; Fiber (%); Purity (%) and total recoverable sugars (ATR kg t-1). The cultivar BRS 508 showed an increase in technological quality when used sulfometurom methyl (0.02 kg ha-1), while the BRS 509, the gains occurred when applied trinexapac-ethyl (0.8 L ha-1) as ripener. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1984-5529. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15361/1984-5529.2017v45n3p204-213 (ID_PAT: 21167) |
| Palavras-chave: | Estresse; Maturação; Reguladores vegetais; Sorghum bicolor.
Maturation, Plant growth regulators; Sorghum bicolor; Stress. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 02.14.14.001.00.01 |
| Descrição: | SANTOS, M. S. dos; STANCATTE, R. S.; FERREIRA, T. C.; DORIGHELLO, D. V.; PAZIANOTTO, R. A. A. ; MELO, I. S. de; MAY, A.; RAMOS, N. P. Resistance to water deficit during the formation of sugarcane seedlings mediated by interaction with Bacillus sp.. Científica, v. 45, n. 4, p. 414-421, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | PUC - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, |
| Peso: | B3 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Sugarcane is a crop of great global importance, but its production can be greatly affected by water stress normally occurring in growing areas. Currently, several solutions have been proposed to minimize such effects, among them the use of microorganisms that improve the resistance of plants to water stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the induction of resistance of sugarcane plants to water stress using Bacillus sp. For this, an experiment was performed in controlled greenhouse conditions using billets provided with twenty different varieties of sugarcane, treated or not with Bacillus sp. isolates, with 5 replications. The plants were grown for 45 days and, after this period, the following variables were analyzed: dry mass (from top, root and whole plant) and C, N and C/N contents. Analysis of variance, mean tests (Scott-Knott and Tukey, p≤0.05) and a hierarchical analysis was performed by cluster analysis according to the UPGMA method (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean). The analyses were performed using the software R. The isolate of Bacillus sp. promoted resistance to drought for different varieties of sugarcane, and may be an alternative to mitigate the effects of water stress on some sugarcane varieties.
Resumo:A cana-de-açúcar é uma cultura de grande importância mundial, porém sua produção pode ser altamente prejudicada pelo estresse hídrico que normalmente ocorre nas áreas de cultivo. Atualmente, tem-se buscado diversas soluções para minimizar tais efeitos, dentre essas a utilização de microrganismos que melhorem a resistência das plantas ao estresse hídrico. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a indução de resistência deplantas de cana-de-açúcar ao estresse hídrico por meio da utilização de Bacillus sp. Para isto, conduziu-se um experimento em condições controladas de casa de vegetação, com a utilização de rebolos providos de vinte diferentes variedades de cana-de-açúcar, tratados ou não com o isolado de Bacillus sp., com 5 repetições. Estas plantas foram cultivadas por 45 dias e, após esse período, foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: massa seca (parte aérea, radicular e total) e teores C, N, e C/N. Foram realizados a análise de variância, os testes de média (Scott-Knott e Tukey, p≤0,05) e também uma análise hierárquica, por meio de uma análise de agrupamento, de acordo com o método UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean). As análises foram realizadas com o uso do software R. O isolado de Bacillus sp. promoveu resistência à seca para diferentes variedades de cana-de-açúcar, podendo assim ser uma alternativa para atenuar os efeitos do estresse hídrico em algumas variedades de cana. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1984-5529. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15361/1984-5529.2017v45n4p414-421 (ID_PAT: 21169) |
| Palavras-chave: | Drought; Microorganism; Varieties.
Microrganismo; Seca; Variedades. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 03.14.10.004.00.02 |
| Descrição: | CONZ, R. F.; ABBRUZZINI, T. F.; ANDRADE, C. A. de; MILORI, D. M. B. P.; CERRI, C. E. P. Effect of pyrolysis temperature and feedstock type on agricultural properties and stability of biochars. Agricultural Sciences, v. 8, n. 9, p. 914-933, Sept. 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Instrumentação (CNPDIA), USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich), |
| Peso: | B3 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Pyrolysis temperature and feedstock type used to produce biochar influence the physicochemical properties of the obtained product, which in turn display a range of results when used as soil amendment. From soil carbon (C) sequestration strategy to nutrient source, biochar is used to enhance soil properties and to improve agricultural production. However, contrasting effects are observed from biochar application to soil results from a wide range of biochar’s properties in combination with specific environmental conditions. Therefore, elucidation on the effect of pyrolysis conditions and feedstock type on biochar properties may provide basic information to the understanding of soil and biochar interactions. In this study, biochar was produced from four different agricultural organic residues: Poultry litter, sugarcane straw, rice hull and sawdust pyrolysed at final temperatures of 350°C, 450°C, 550°C and 650°C. The effect of temperature and feedstock type on the variability of physicochemical properties of biochars was evaluated through measurements of pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, macronutrient content, proximate and elemental analyses, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analyses. Additionally, an incubation trial was carried under controlled conditions to determine the effect of biochar stability on CO2-eq emissions. Results showed that increasing pyrolysis temperature supported biochar stability regardless of feedstock, however, agricultural properties varied widely both as an effect of temperature and feedstock. Animal manure biochar showed higher potential as nutrient source rather than a C sequestration strategy. Improving the knowledge on the influence of pyrolysis temperature and feedstock type on the final properties of biochar will enable the use of better tailored materials that correspond to the expected results while considering its interactions with environmental conditions. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 2156-8553 (print), 2156-8561 (online). DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2017.89067 (ID_PAT: 21089) |
| Palavras-chave: | Characterization; GHG; C Sequestration; Char; Organic C. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 04.13.11.001.01.02 |
| Descrição: | BOLFE, E. L.; VICTORIA, D. de C.; CONTINI, E.; SILVA, G. B. S. da; ARAUJO, L. S. de; LOEBMANN, D. G. S. W. Matopiba em crescimento agrícola: aspectos territoriais e socioeconômicos. Revista de Política Agrícola, Brasília, DF, v. 25, n. 4, p. 38-62, out./nov./dez. 2016. |
| Parceria/partes: | **(DENOMINAÇÃO ALTERADA) Embrapa Informática Agropecuária (CNPTIA), Embrapa Monitoramento por Satélite (CNPM), Embrapa Sede - Secretaria de Inteligência e Macroestratégia (SIM) , |
| Peso: | B3 |
| Conteúdo: | Resumo: O Brasil se tornou um dos líderes mundiais no agronegócio, e isso foi possível por causa da disponibilidade dos recursos hídricos, das condições de solo e clima, de resultados de pesquisas, do empreendedorismo da agroindústria e de políticas de governo. A vasta região do Cerrado localizada no Norte-Nordeste brasileiro denominada Matopiba - Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí e Bahia - vem sendo incorporada à produção e se consolida como importante fronteira agrícola. Na última década, a produção de soja e milho da região passou de seis milhões para 14 milhões de toneladas, e esse incremento justifica a necessidade de o crescimento agrícola se fundamentar em bases sustentáveis. Este artigo analisa a expansão agrícola, identificando as principais trajetórias das mudanças do uso e cobertura da terra. O aumento da produção de soja e milho está relacionado à expansão tanto sobre áreas previamente antropizadas quanto das antropizadas mais recentemente - depois de 2002. Indicadores socioeconômicos, como o IDH e o PIB, cresceram significativamente nas últimas décadas nos municípios do Matopiba, o que está relacionado ao aumento da produção agrícola. O estudo conjunto de dados em bases territoriais e socioeconômicos permitiu melhor compreensão dos processos de expansão, retração, transição, conversão e intensificação agrícola no Matopiba e pode apoiar as políticas públicas da região.
Abstract: Over the last decades, Brazil has become one of the global leaders in agriculture production. Factors contributing to such results include natural resources availability, favorable climate conditions, agricultural research, producer and agroindustry entrepreneurship and governmental policies towards the agricultural sector. The region known as MATOPIBA (Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí and Bahia), in the North/Northeast of Brazil, has become an important agriculture frontier. In the last decade, soy and corn production rose from 6 to 14 million tons. However, it’s important to guarantee that the agriculture expansion in the region happens with sustainability in mind. For this, integrated analysis of social, biophysical, infrastructure, rural credit, and economical characteristics plays an important role in establishing regional public policies. This work analyzed the agriculture expansion in the region and the land use / cover change trajectories. Agriculture expansion in the region happened in areas deforested in the past and in areas deforested in more recent periods (after 2002). Socioeconomic indicators, such as the Human Development Index and Gross Domestic Produce, increased in the last decades, in part related to the growth of agriculture production. By studying socioeconomic factors along other geospatial datasets, it’s possible to gain a better understanding of the processes related agriculture in MATOPIBA, such as expansion, retraction, transition and intensification, helping establish public policies for the region. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1413-4969 (impressa), 2317-224X (online). Acessível em https://seer.sede.embrapa.br/index.php/RPA/article/view/1202 (ID_PAT: 20718 ID SAE: 2801) |
| Palavras-chave: | Agricultura; Cerrado; Desenvolvimento regional; Geotecnologias.
Agriculture; Cerrado; Regional development; Geotecnologies. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 16.00.2.50.01.16 |
| Descrição: | CAYRES, C. A.; PEREIRA, K. S.; PENTEADO, A. L. Qualidade microbiológica de açaí industrializado. Higiene Alimentar, v. 31, n. 268/269, p. 134-138, 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | UFRJ - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, |
| Peso: | B3 |
| Conteúdo: | Resumo: Amostras de açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) tipo fino congeladas e sem adição de quaisquer outros ingredientes foram adquiridas no comércio varejista da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Foram analisadas microbiologicamente 54 amostras, pertencentes a 6 diferentes marcas (A, B, C, D, E e F). Todas as amostras analisadas encontravam-se dentro do prazo de validade estabelecido pelo fabricante e as empresas eram registradas no MAPA. Os micro-organismos analisados foram: Salmonella, Escherichia coli, fungos filamentosos e leveduras, de acordo com o preconizado pela legislação brasileira vigente. Considerando-se o limite máximo possível estabelecido pela lei, 2 lotes de cada marca B, E e F e 1 lote de cada marca C e D apresentaram contagens acima do permitido para fungos filamentosos e leveduras. Apenas 2 amostras apresentaram contagens de Escherichia coli, ambas estando fora do máximo estabelecido pela legislação vigente. Constatou- -se ausência de Salmonella em todas as amostras analisadas. A presença de fungos filamentosos, leveduras e Escherichia coli pode ser um indicativo de práticas inadequadas durante a fabricação do açaí. Assim, é importante ressaltar a necessidade de um controle rigoroso da cadeia do frio, uma vez que esses micro-organismos podem ser responsáveis pela deterioração do produto.
Abstract: Samples of frozen thin type acai berries (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) were purchased in Rio de Janeiro. Samples from 6 different brands (A, B, C, D, E and F) (9 samples from each brand) were analyzed microbiologically. All samples were within the expiration date established by the manufacturer and the companies were registered in MAPA. The samples were analyzed for Salmonella, Escherichia coli, yeast and mold (YM), according to the criteria of the current Brazilian law. Considering the maximum possible limit established by law, 2 batches of each brand B, E and F and 1 batch of each C and D brands presented counts above the allowed for YM. Only two samples had counts of Escherichia coli off limits established by law. It was not found Salmonella in any of the samples. The presence of YM and Escherichia coli may be indicative of inadequate practices during manufacturing of assai. Thus, it is important to emphasize the need for strict control of the cold chain, since these microorganisms may be responsible for the deterioration of the product. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 0101-9171. Acessível em http://docs.bvsalud.org/biblioref/2017/07/846503/268-269-site-134-138.pdf (ID_PAT: 20904) |
| Palavras-chave: | Polpa; Escherichia coli; Fungos filamentosos; Leveduras.
Pulp; Escherichia coli; Yeast; Mold. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 16.00.2.50.01.30 |
| Descrição: | TEIXEIRA, S. R.; WADT, L. G. R.; TELLES, M. A.; VAZ, A. P. A. Identificação rápida e participativa de demandas para ações de transferência de tecnologias na agropecuária. Em Extensão, v. 15, n. 2, p. 41-63, 2016. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Gado de Leite (CPNGL), Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste (CPPSE), Embrapa Produtos e Mercado (SPM), |
| Peso: | B3 |
| Conteúdo: | Resumo: Os objetivos deste artigo são apresentar uma metodologia rápida para identificação de demandas para pesquisa e extensão e os resultados da aplicação em três municípios onde foi testada. A metodologia envolveu reuniões de grupo focal e amostragem intencional dos participantes. A extensão rural foi fundamental para acelerar a mobilização da rede local de relacionamento, para explicar os objetivos do projeto “Promoção de sistemas sustentáveis para a região sudeste: uma experiência-piloto para a agenda de transferência de tecnologia” e para motivar os atores locais a participarem da identificação de demandas para o município. A metodologia alcançou os resultados para qual foi desenvolvida nos três municípios. Os objetivos foram alcançados com rapidez, duas semanas no máximo, mesmo com algumas estratégias diferentes usadas nos municípios. A ação dos extensionistas foi fundamental, tanto para acelerar a identificação da rede de relacionamento e para o teste da metodologia, quanto para agilizar ainda mais a metodologia com as estratégias que usaram.
Abstract: The objectives of this article are to present a methodology for the fast identification of demands for research and extension and the results achieved with it in the three counties where it was tested. The methodology involved focus group meetings and intentional sampling of participants according to pre-established criteria. The extension agents were crucial to accelerate the mobilization of the local network, to explain the objectives of the project “Promotion of sustainable systems for the southeast: a pilot project for technology transfer agenda” and to motivate stakeholders to participate in the identification of demands to the county”. The methodology produced the planned results in the three counties. The objectives were achieved fast, no later than two weeks, even with different strategies being used in the counties. The action of the extension agent was crucial to accelerate the identification of the network, to test the methodology,and to accelerate the methodology with the strategies they used. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1518-6369; e-ISSN: 1982-7687 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/REE-v15n22016_art02 (ID_PAT: 20541) |
| Palavras-chave: | Abordagem participativa; Comunicação. Construtivismo; Motivação; Grupo focal.
Participatory approach; Communication; Constructivism; Motivation; Focus group. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 04.13.11.001.01.01 |
| Descrição: | FERRAZ, R. P. D.; SKORUPA, L. A. Intensificação sustentável: desafios e oportunidades para a agricultura brasileira. Boletim Informativo da Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, MG, v. 43, n. 2, p. 37-42, maio/ago. 2017. |
| Parceria/partes: | Embrapa Solos (CNPS), |
| Peso: | B5 |
| Conteúdo: | O país vem trabalhando no Plano ABC que incorpora bem o conceito de \"intensificação sustentável\", por meio da indução à adoção de sistemas de Integração Lavoura-Pecuária-Floresta (ILPF). O plano prevê o incremento da adoção de sistemas ILPF em 4 milhões de hectares até 2020. A ratificação do Acordo de Paris sobre mudança do clima pelo governo brasileiro, em 2016, fortaleceu ações desse plano, incluindo em sua \"Contribuição Nacionalmente Determinada- INDC\" (Intended Nationally Determined Contribution - INDC) o incremento de mais 5 milhões de hectares até 2030. Os sistemas ILPFs não dizem respeito a um sistema de produção em particular, mas sim a uma estratégia que pode incorporar diversas tecnologias e mesmo diversos sistemas de produção. Como pressuposto básico, preconiza a adoção do Sistema de Plantio Direto (SPD). |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 1981-979X. Acessível em https://www.sbcs.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/boletimsbcswebsetdez.pdf (ID_PAT: 21242) |
| Palavras-chave: | Agropecuária; ILPF. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 16.00.2.50.01.16 |
| Descrição: | MORANZA, H. G.; SCANAVACA JUNIOR, L.; MATAQUEIRO, M. I.; QUEIROZ-NETO, A.; FERRAZ, G. C. Chronic administration of Bauhinia forficata link reduced exploratory activity without affecting blood glucose in healthy rats. Plant, v. 5, n. 5-1, p. 27-32, 2017. Special issue: phytotherapy. |
| Parceria/partes: | UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, |
| Peso: | B5 |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: This study provides information about the effect of chronic ingestion of a decoction of Bauhinia forficata on the behavior of rats. The aim of this study was to investigate the exploratory activity, anxiety level, and blood glucose of healthy rats submitted to prolonged treatment with a decoction of B. forficata. Twenty male rats, aged two months and weighing approximately 145g were randomly distributed into two groups. The Bauhinia group freely ingested a decoction of B.forficata for 4 weeks, while the control group received water. Body weight, food and fluid intake, and glycemic index were quantified. The open field (OF) and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests were applied at the end of the experiment. Data were analyzed by Student’s t test for unpaired samples, with a significance level of P<0.05. The results of the EPM test were analyzed by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and blood glucose by the Bonferroni test. There were no significant differences in body weight, food intake or glycemic index between the Bauhinia and control groups. Net liquid intake was higher in the Bauhinia group. EPM results did not differ between groups, but in the OF test, the frequencies of rearing and locomotion were lower and immobility time was increased for rats in the Bauhinia group. In conclusion, B. forficata reduced exploratory activity and did not alter blood glucose in healthy rats. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 2331-0669 (Print); ISSN: 2331-0677 (Online). DOI: 10.11648/j.plant.s.2017050501.14 Pendência: Plano de Ação associado. (ID_PAT: 20669) |
| Palavras-chave: | Behavior; Exploratory Aetivity; Ethnopharmacology. |
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| Plano de Ação: | 01.15.02.001.06.05 |
| Descrição: | SANTOS, S. N.; MELO, I. S. de A rapid primary screening method for antitumor using the oomycete Pythium aphanidermatum. Natural Products Chemistry & Research, v. 4, n. 6, 2016. |
| Parceria/partes: | |
| Peso: | C |
| Conteúdo: | Abstract: Investigating bioactive components from microbial metabolites can provide potential source for drug discovery. There are a number of traditional antitumor compounds screening assays already described. In this study, we have developed an efficient method to search for antitumor compounds using the Oomycete Pythium aphanidermatum as model on agar plates for high throughtput screening. Antioomycete compounds showed cytotoxic effects in human cancer cells lines due to the possible similarity between the lipid cell membrane of the Pythium species and cancerous cells, suggesting the compounds act through similar mechanisms of inhibition. In this assay, i t is possible to evaluate hundreds of samples, with results in few hours. The Pythium assay was shown to be sensitive for several chemical substances and allowed the detection and isolation of antitumor compounds from microorganisms. This bioassay was shown to be sensitive, rapid, simple and reliable for antitumor activity. It takes just few hours to evaluate the properties of the extracts. |
| Observaçao: | ISSN: 2329-6836. DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000241 (ID_PAT: 21590) |
| Palavras-chave: | Antitumoral screening; Pythium aphanidermatum; Antifungal assay; Secondary metabolites. |